The purpose of this practice is to provide guidance to owners, mechanics, airports, regulatory officials, and aircraft and component manufacturers who may accomplish maintenance, repairs, and alterations on a light unmanned aircraft system (UAS). In addition, this practice covers the format and content of maintenance manuals and instructions for the maintenance, repair, and alteration of light UAS. The light UAS can be operated as a commercial aircraft or as a sport aircraft. This practice states the requirements for the maintenance of light commercial UAS. These same requirements may be used for the sport light UAS with the provisions shown. The maintenance requirements are divided between the aircraft and the ground equipment. The aircraft contains the air data terminal and the ground station controls the nearby ground data terminal. Therefore, the data link is not listed as a separate component, but has elements in the aircraft and near the ground station that is called the ground data terminal.1.1 This practice provides guidelines for the qualifications to accomplish the various levels of maintenance on certificated light unmanned aircraft system (UAS). In addition, it provides the content and structure of maintenance manuals for aircraft, ground control station, and data links that are operated as a light unmanned aircraft system (UAS).This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 Introduction—Mu numbers (friction values) measured by CFME can be used as guidelines for evaluating the surface friction deterioration of runway pavements and for identifying appropriate corrective actions required for safe aircraft operations. The original levels were based on the work of the FAA/AS-90-1 (3). The report states that based on friction values from a Mu Meter Mark II using Dunlop tires, and tests conducted by NASA in the 1970s using a Boeing 727, Table 1 of Mu Meter friction level classifications for runway pavement surfaces was established for friction measurements at test speeds of 65 km/hr. Additionally, tests were conducted again with the Mu Meter Mark II outfitted with the Dico tire at 95 km/h. Then a second-order correlation was performed for the Mu Meter operating at 95 km/h and at 65 km/h resulting in the values shown in Table 2. These values were then fixed and used with correlations of other CFMEs to establish the present maintenance levels given in Table 3.2 of FAA Advisory Circular AC/150/5320-12. From the Wallops 1993 data, the IFI values were calculated and the 65 km/hr data in Table 2 was used to calculate the FM60 value for each level. The data for the two speeds for the four CFMEs in the FAA report (3) were used to establish the SMp values for each level. Then a new level, New Grooved, was added based on the differences of grooved and un-grooved sites at the NASA Wallops test facility. Table 3 is a list of these values to be the standard values FM60 and SMp for any future calibration of CFME. 5.2 Airports—Routine testing is carried out in order to obtain data for scheduling remedial work on the runway surface. A single run on either side of the centerline may be regarded as sufficient or a set of runs covering the whole width of the runway may be preferred. At 3 m spacing, the friction map which can be prepared from a set of runs of this kind provides excellent information on rubber buildup and surface polishing. Standard test speeds are typically 65 km/hr or 95 km/hr and standard test water film thickness is typically 1 mm. 1.1 This practice covers the method of calculating frictional values from correlations of continuous friction measurement equipment (CFME), using the Specification E1551 tire, for use in performing airport summer maintenance evaluations. 1.2 The practice is intended to provide a unified friction index of levels for use in harmonizing the output of devices. 1.3 Airport operators use a variety of CFMEs to assess the friction levels of their paved runway surfaces. The measurements are used to determine when the surfaces should be considered for or subjected to maintenance. However, many are built differently and produce different values when measuring the same pavement surfaces. This practice provides a method to harmonize these measurements so that the friction values generated can be used to determine the maintenance requirements as established by the operating authority. 1.4 The practice provides correlations for four maintenance levels of friction: New Design/Construction with grooves, New Design/Construction without grooves, Maintenance Planning, and Minimum Acceptable. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.6 ASTM International takes no position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The overall objective of this practice is to provide recommendations for the systematic acquisition of image data that indicate the health condition of the wear-sensitive SPW in PBF-LB/M machines. These data may allow a user to determine calibration and maintenance cycles based on the actual health condition of the SPW.4.2 The recommendations are intended for original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) of PBF-LB/M machines to provide guidance for the implementation of sensor systems to acquire spatially resolved data about the health condition of the SPW.4.3 The recommendations are intended for users of PBF-LB/M machines to provide guidance for the assessment of the actual health condition of the SPW to:4.3.1 Flag when a calibration or maintenance of the optical system is needed and alert the user or OEM to perform the calibration or maintenance and4.3.2 Generate statistical estimates for the useful life, or critical health state, of the SPW based on data recorded over the long term. The statistics may be used to derive maintenance cycles that allow a better utilization of the useful life of the SPW than current predetermined maintenance cycles.1.1 This practice provides:1.1.1 Recommendations for the design and integration of an area scan camera system (referred to as “camera system”) into a laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) machine to assess the health condition of the scanner protective window (SPW),1.1.2 Recommendations for data acquisition with the aforementioned system,1.1.3 Description of a methodology for processing the aforementioned data, and1.1.4 Recommendation on ex-situ measurements of laser beam parameters and part properties suitable for labeling of the processed condition data.1.2 Many of the operational descriptions included in this practice are intended as general overviews. They may not present the detailed information required.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice is intended to provide consistent criteria, references and operational considerations in the specifications, management and construction of institutional trampoline courts.4.2 This practice is intended to be taken into consideration by architects, designers, engineers, construction contractors, manufacturers, appropriate inspectors, owners and operators who are involved with the design, construction, manufacture, installation, operation, maintenance, inspection or major modification of institutional trampoline courts.4.3 This practice does not apply to consumer trampolines, trampolines intended for use on water, trampolines intended for use as aquatic play equipment, trampolines primarily used for professional exhibition, or single user trampolines primarily used under the direct supervision of a trainer or coach.4.4 This standard does not apply to stand alone institutional trampoline units that consist of one or more individual stations with a total bed area less than 37 000 in.2 (238 709.2 cm2) and employ a mechanical harnessed system to control or direct the descent of a patron.4.5 This standard does not apply to stand alone institutional trampoline units that consist of one or more individual stations with a total bed area less than 37 000 in.2 (238 709.2 cm2) and employ individual chambers divided with small mesh netting to control or direct the descent of a patron.4.6 This standard does not apply to inflatable amusement devices covered by Practice F2374.4.6.1 This standard applies to trampoline courts that mount or dismount onto an inflatable impact attenuation system.4.7 Trampoline courts that employ a device designed to introduce additional energy into the suspension or bed system are outside the scope of this standard practice.4.8 For the purpose of this standard, consideration shall be given within the design and for operation of a trampoline court with activities including but not limited to: bouncing, jumping, walking, standing, sitting, resting, acrobatic maneuvers, aerobics, flips, dancing, exercise, therapeutic rehabilitation, dodgeball, basketball, or volleyball.4.9 For the purpose of this standard, consideration shall be given within the design and for operation of a trampoline court with complementary equipment including but not limited to: foam balls, inflated balls, foam toys, wakeboards, snowboards, bounce boards, hoops, nets, pylons, ropes, goals, harness systems, or inflated toys.1.1 The purpose of this practice is to delineate requirements regarding the design, manufacture, installation, operation, maintenance, inspection and major modification of commercial or institutional trampoline courts with the primary purpose of amusement, entertainment or recreation.1.2 This standard applies to institutional trampoline courts that are located in and around amusement, entertainment or recreational facilities. Such facilities include but are not limited to trampoline parks, amusement parks, theme parks, water parks, family entertainment centers, fitness centers, gyms, gymnastics facilities, sports facilities, skate parks, camps, shopping centers, temporary special events, carnivals and municipal parks.1.3 This standard applies to devices manufactured on or after the date of publication of this standard practice.1.4 This practice establishes guidelines that will provide a level of conformity for the purpose of reducing potential hazards to patrons, court attendants, and spectators.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the hazards associated with institutional trampoline courts. The standard’s existence alone will not prevent injuries. Like other physical activities, institutional trampoline court use involves the risk of injury, particularly if the equipment is used improperly or if users exceed their capabilities, endurance, training, or experience.1.6 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.1.7 This practice includes an annex (mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The annex information shall be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.8 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The appendix information shall not be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.9 This standard includes the following sections:  Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3 4Quality, Manufacture, Construction and Installation 5General Design 6Design 7Major Modification 8Information Plate 9Information Requirements 10Certifications 11Performance Criteria 12Classification of Injuries and Illnesses 13Notification Requirements 14Manufacturer Responsibilities 15Owner/Operator Responsibilities 16Patron Education 17Patron Responsibility 18Children Zones 19Keywords 20Appendix Appendix X11.10 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.11 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice is intended to assist optical fiber cable owners and pipeline operators in developing operating and maintenance procedures and practices for the secondary use of gas pipelines as conduits for optical fiber cables. It must be kept in mind that the primary use of gas pipelines is for transportation of natural gas and any secondary use of the system must not materially impact the primary function. It is the responsibility of the optical fiber cable owner and pipeline operator to decide how best to integrate operating and maintenance procedures for the pipeline, the optical fiber system, and the optical fiber cable so that safety is not compromised, customers are served in the best way possible, and incremental costs are minimized.Since the practice of integrating gas pipeline facilities and fiber optics for telecommunications purposes is a new and emerging activity, this standard will help establish guidelines for its rapid and safe deployment and will ensure that the facilities installed are maintained to operate on a long-term basis.1.1 This practice covers the operation and maintenance of natural gas distribution and service pipelines containing optical fiber cable and the operation and maintenance of the optical fiber system.1.2 This practice applies to distribution and service lines used to transport natural gas.1.3 This practice does not apply to natural gas transmission lines.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 This practice describes the minimum information to be provided by the manufacturer or seller to the buyer or end user related to the wearing, care, and maintenance of chemical protective clothing. Adherence to this practice allows written information to be provided with the protective clothing to purchasers by means of labels (such as labels complying with Practice F1301), pamphlets, or other documents.4.2 Not every element of this practice may be applicable to all chemical protective clothing components or configurations. It is the manufacturer’s or seller’s responsibility to determine which portions of this practice, and the corresponding requirements, are applicable to their chemical protective clothing products. For informational requirements that are not applicable because of the nature of the product and intended use, the manufacturer or seller is to indicate and describe those portions or requirements that are not applicable.4.3 All information related to wearing, decontamination, care, and maintenance are required to be written in a manner so that the end user can readily understand the details. To emphasize important limitations, bold lettering and explicit warning terminology (for example, signal words such as ‘danger,’ ‘warning,’ and ‘caution’ (described in ANSI Z535.4)) are to be used. Where possible, pictograms and illustrations are required to convey specific instructions. In addition, the use of symbols, such as those provided in the care of textile products in Guide D5489, are appropriate for indicating specific care procedures used in cleaning protective clothing where applicable.1.1 This practice describes the recommended minimum information to be conveyed by the manufacturers or sellers to buyers or end users for the wearing, care, and maintenance of chemical protective clothing.1.1.1 This practice does not cover specific instructions for how to select and when to use protective clothing or design requirements.1.1.2 This practice does not apply to protective clothing that is solely intended for protection against flame and thermal hazards.1.2 Information provided by this practice aids organizations that select and use chemical protective clothing in their implementation of requirements established in Sections 10 and 11 of Practice F1461.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 The guide provides information and clarity to support the health and maintenance of Marine Sanitation Devices (MSDs) on maritime vessels and platforms to promote effective operations and performance throughout the lifecycle. This includes identification of chemicals and their derivatives that can be detrimental to proper MSD operations. This guide will promote better understanding of the impacts of certain chemicals on the health and operations of MSD systems, plus provide guidance to inform operators of best practices and procedures for effective operations and maintenance. This guide is designed to assist both operators and MSD Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) in collaboratively working to ensure effective operations and maintenance, and to reduce performance degradations that result from the introduction of harmful chemicals. The primary application of this guide is to Type II MSDs (described in Section 4), installed on larger ships and employing biological treatment of sewage and gray water.NOTE 1: This guide does not constitute regulations or ship classification society rules, which should be consulted where applicable.1.2 Manufacturers preparing new product specifications or revising existing ones should follow the practices and procedures outlined herein, and be guided by the latest specifications covering similar commodities. Similarly, vessel owner/operators should consult this guide regarding in-service operations and maintenance.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 The inhalation of airborne asbestos fibers has been shown to cause asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma.5.1.1 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reports that “Effects on the lung are a major health concern from asbestos, as chronic (long-term) exposure to asbestos in humans via inhalation can result in a lung disease termed asbestosis. Asbestosis is characterized by shortness of breath and cough and may lead to severe impairment of respiratory function. Cancer is also a major concern from asbestos exposure, as inhalation exposure can cause lung cancer and mesothelioma (a rare cancer of the thin membranes lining the abdominal cavity and surrounding internal organs), and possibly gastrointestinal cancers in humans. EPA has classified asbestos as a Group A, known human carcinogen” (1).45.1.2 The World Health Organization states: “Exposure to asbestos occurs through inhalation of fibres primarily from contaminated air in the working environment, as well as from ambient air in the vicinity of point sources, or indoor air in housing and buildings containing friable asbestos materials. The highest levels of exposure occur during repackaging of asbestos containers, mixing with other raw materials and dry cutting of asbestos-containing products with abrasive tools” (2).5.1.3 The World Bank states: “Health hazards from breathing asbestos dust include asbestosis, a lung scarring disease, and various forms of cancer (including lung cancer and mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum). These diseases usually arise decades after the onset of asbestos exposure. Mesothelioma, a signal tumor for asbestos exposure, occurs among workers’ family members from dust on the workers’ clothes and among neighbors of asbestos air pollution point sources” (3).5.2 Extensive litigation has occurred worldwide as a result of the health effects of asbestos over the past century, resulting in considerable economic consequences. The regulatory response to asbestos hazards has resulted in civil sanctions and criminal prosecution of violators.5.3 Regarding the production and use of asbestos fiber:5.3.1 The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reports: “World consumption was relatively steady between 2003 and 2007, averaging 2.11 million metric tons (Mt). The leading consuming countries in 2007 were, in decreasing order tonnage, China (30 %), India (15 %), Russia (13 %), Kazakhstan and Brazil (5 % each), and Thailand, Uzbekistan, and Ukraine (4 % each). These eight countries accounted for about 80 % of world asbestos consumption in 2007. From 2003 through 2007, apparent consumption declined in most countries. However, there were significant increases in apparent consumption in China, India, and Uzbekistan between 2003 and 2007. In general, world asbestos consumption is likely to decline as more countries institute bans on its use” (4).5.3.2 The World Health Organization also states: “Bearing in mind that there is no evidence for a threshold for the carcinogenic effect of asbestos and the increased cancer risks have been observed in populations exposed to very low levels, the most efficient way to eliminate asbestos-related diseases is to stop using all types of asbestos. Continued use of asbestos-cement in the construction industry is of particular concern, because the workforce is large, it is difficult to control exposure, and in-place materials have the potential to deteriorate and pose a risk to those carrying out alterations, maintenance, and demolition” (2).5.3.3 The Chrysotile (formerly Asbestos) Institute reports that: “More than 90 % of the world production of chrysotile is used in the manufacture of chrysotile-cement, in the form of pipes, sheets, and shingles. These products are used in some sixty industrialized and developing countries” (5).5.4 It follows that the installed base of asbestos-cement products worldwide is enormous and continues to grow. In other words, the problem of exposure to asbestos fibers from working with these materials is substantial and will remain significant for the foreseeable future.5.5 The significance of this practice is that it provides work practices that protect worker and community health within the resources available in developing as well as industrialized countries. It relies as much as possible on tools, equipment, and supplies that are readily available without recourse to specialty suppliers. The techniques require careful and diligent workmanship but do not require the services of highly-skilled tradesmen.5.6 This practice is intended to be used not only by construction workers and tradesmen in the performance of their work, but also by building owners and others as the basis for preparing contracts and tenders for activities included in the scope of this practice. It will also provide a foundation for government officials to develop regulations intended to protect worker and community health. Where such regulations already exist, of necessity they take precedence over this practice in event of a conflict.5.7 The persons who are most at risk of exposure to airborne asbestos fibers are those who perform work on asbestos-cement products during maintenance, renovation, and repair operations. This practice places its primary emphasis on the protection of their health. However, other members of the community—other workers and individuals in a building being renovated, residents of a house undergoing repairs, and unsuspecting bystanders—are at risk to a lesser degree. By minimizing the risk to the worker performing the maintenance, renovation, and repair operations, the potential exposure of others is reduced as well.5.8 It is expected that employers will comply voluntarily with the provisions of this practice in the interest of protecting worker and community health and reducing their own liability. However, the existence of a regulatory infrastructure for occupational and community health greatly enhances compliance with measures to reduce exposure to asbestos fibers and other toxic materials. In some countries, such a system is highly advanced, but in others it needs to be created or further developed. These efforts can be furthered by referencing this practice in laws and regulations and requiring compliance with its provisions.5.8.1 Issuance of construction permits can be made contingent on showing evidence of worker training, experience in the use of these procedures, and adequate resources (manpower, equipment, and supplies) to use them properly.5.8.2 A contractual framework that references this practice and requires use of its procedures ensures the building owner or other party securing construction services under a contract or tender arrangement that the responding offeror has been informed as to the expected level of performance when working with asbestos-cement products.1.1 This practice describes work practices for asbestos-cement products when maintenance, renovation, and repair are required. This includes common tasks such as drilling and cutting holes in roofing, siding, pipes, etc. that can result in exposure to asbestos fibers if not done carefully. These work practices are supplemented and facilitated by the regulatory, contractual, training, and supervisory provisions of this practice.1.2 Materials covered include those installed in or on buildings and facilities and those used in external infrastructure such as water, wastewater, and electrical distribution systems. Also included is pavement made from asbestos-cement manufacturing waste.1.3 The work practices described herein are intended for use only with asbestos-cement products already installed in buildings, facilities, and external infrastructure. They are not intended for use in construction or renovation involving the installation of new asbestos-cement products.1.4 The work practices are primarily intended to be used in situations where small amounts of asbestos-cement products must be removed or disturbed in order to perform maintenance, renovation, or repair necessary for operation of the building, facility, or infrastructure.1.5 The work practices described herein are also applicable for use where the primary objective is the removal of asbestos-cement products from the building or other location, particularly the use of wet methods and other means of dust and fiber control.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 Warning—Asbestos fibers are acknowledged carcinogens. Breathing asbestos fibers can result in disease of the lungs including asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. Precautions in this practice should be taken to avoid creating and breathing airborne asbestos particles from materials known or suspected to contain asbestos. Comply with all applicable regulatory requirements addressing asbestos.1.8 This practice does not address safety hazards associated with working on asbestos-cement products such as falling through roof panels or trench cave-ins. The use of power tools presents possible electrical hazards, particularly in wet environments. These and other safety hazards must be considered and controlled in compliance with the employer’s policies and applicable regulations.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This guide addresses performance characteristics for green roof systems with respect to the planting. A rooftop is an extreme environment with strong and variable wind patterns and little or no protection from the sun’s intense heat and ultraviolet radiation. Selection of plant material can be crucial for success of the green roof system.5.1.1 This guide provides general guidance only. It is important to consult with a professional horticulturist, green roof consultant, landscape architect, or work with similar professionals that are knowledgeable, experienced, and acquainted with green roof technology and plants.5.2 Determining these performance characteristics of green roof systems provides information to facilitate the assessment of engineering aspects of the facility. Such aspects may include structural design requirements, mechanical engineering and thermal design requirements, and fire and life safety requirements.5.3 Determining these performance characteristics of green roof systems provides information to facilitate assessment of the performance of one green roof system relative to another.1.1 This guide covers the considerations for the selection, installation, and maintenance of plants for green roof systems.1.2 This guide is applicable to both extensive and intensive green roof systems.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The purpose of this practice is to delineate information regarding the design, manufacture, installation, operation, and maintenance of inflatable amusement devices.1.1 This practice establishes criteria for the Design, Manufacture, Installation, Operation, Maintenance, Inspection, Training, Auditing and Major Modification of commercial use Inflatable Amusement Devices. These devices are made of flexible fabric, inflated by one or more blowers, and rely upon air pressure to maintain their shape. These devices are designed for patron activities that include, but are not limited to, bouncing, climbing, sliding, obstacle course running and interactive play.1.1.1 Amusement devices covered by this standard are used primarily in amusement, entertainment or recreational applications. Such applications include, but are not limited to, amusement parks, theme parks, water parks, family entertainment centers, rental companies, fitness centers, gyms, gymnastics facilities, jump centers, sports facilities, skate parks, camps, schools, shopping centers, temporary special events, carnivals, fairs, festivals and municipal parks.1.1.2 This practice includes land-based inflatable amusement devices that are designed for dry use, wet use, or a combination of wet/dry use.1.1.3 Inflatable amusement devices covered by this standard have inflation systems that:1.1.3.1 Require air to be constantly supplied in order to maintain structure, form, shape or integrity (continuous air inflatable amusement device); or1.1.3.2 Maintain inflation without the need for constant air supply (captured air inflatable amusement device); or1.1.3.3 Incorporate both methods of inflation into a single device.1.1.4 The design and manufacturing requirements in Sections 5 and 6 of this standard shall not apply to inflatable amusement devices manufactured before the publication date of this standard practice.1.1.5 The modification requirements in Section 5.3 of this standard shall not apply to major modifications performed before the publication date of this standard practice.1.2 This practice specifically excludes the following types of inflatable devices:1.2.1 Inflatable devices marketed directly to consumers for private home use by children. Those devices are covered under a separate standard, Consumer Safety Specification F2729-18.1.2.2 Inflatable devices that are used for professional exhibition or stunt work; safety and rescue activities; aerial or aviation structures or devices; exhibit floats; or similar inflatable devices.1.2.3 Inflatables that do not have a floor affixed to the inflatable structure (that is, the ground is exposed inside an inflated perimeter).1.2.4 Inflatable devices that require a sudden loss of air to perform their intended function (for example, stunt bag style inflatable impact attenuation devices).1.2.5 Inflatable devices that are designed primarily as floating devices to be installed in or on bodies of water.1.2.6 Stand-alone captured air inflatable devices that are designed to contain the patron within the elevated pressure space; are designed to be mobile during its intended use; or contain less than 270 ft3 of air and do not include an anchoring or ballasting system. Examples include, but are not limited to: a water walking ball, a sports ball, a hamster ball, a hill-rolling ball.1.2.7 Constant air membranes that incorporate a permanent sub-terrain box or pit to form the bottom and sides of the pressure vessel (for example, jumping pillow devices).1.2.8 Air inflated devices designated to decompress or redistribute foam cubes contained in a trampoline court foam pit.1.3 This practice includes an annex (mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The annex information shall be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.4 This practice includes an appendix (non-mandatory), which provides additional information (for example, rationale, background, interpretations, drawings, commentary, and so forth) to improve the user’s understanding and application of the criteria presented in this practice. The appendix information shall not be interpreted as mandatory criteria.1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory materials. These notes and footnotes shall not be considered requirements of the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 843元 / 折扣价： 717 元 加购物车

4.1 This guide attempts to provide information to assist building owners and managers with limited knowledge of stone construction to recognize basic problems with performance of facades, and to keep them in good condition through periodic inspections and maintenance. Increased awareness of the behavior of stone masonry facades and associated materials can reduce maintenance and replacement costs by addressing problems and deterioration early.4.2 The objective of all maintenance should be to limit deterioration through early intervention.4.3 When it appears damage to stone support elements has occurred, a qualified stone consultant should be employed to evaluate the support conditions, as well as recommend methods to restore the building's integrity and preserve public safety.AbstractThis guide outlines the standard procedures for the visual assessment and maintenance of exterior dimension stone masonry walls and facades to determine their general condition. The examination procedures established here can help identify and diagnose problems that require repairs or corrective action, but is not intended to be used for buildings requiring major exterior rehabilitation or structural repairs. This guide applies to walls of solid stone or dimension stone claddings with joints usually filled with mortar or sealant that are designed to accommodate structural and thermal movements. This guide specifically excludes the following: dimension stone used in interior building surfaces, flooring, or paving; slate dimension stone used as roofing; thin stone exterior cladding; stone cladding attached to metal flames; the removal of small area stains. Also, this guide may apply, but is not specifically directed, to the following: walls and facades containing semi-dimensions, or partially sized, stone in the form of split-face or rubble; and stone-facade concrete panels. The common problems to consider include rising damps; mortar distresses; surface losses; cracks; displacements, bowings, or bulges; and spalls and fragments. The corresponding repairs to be made that shall address these problems are detailed for each.1.1 This guide outlines how to visually assess exterior stone masonry walls and facades to determine their general condition. Examining key features of the construction can help identify and diagnose problems which require repairs or corrective action. Such an examination can expose conditions which may be addressed with maintenance and minor repairs, or may require expert assistance. This guide is not intended to be used for buildings requiring major exterior rehabilitation or structural repairs.1.1.1 This guide applies to walls of solid stone or dimension stone used as a cladding. Stone cladding is typically connected to a backup material with a variety of anchoring methods, including traditional hand-set masonry anchors such as straps, dowels, cramps, hook-and-eyes, dove-tails, wire ties, and the like. Joints between stones in these types of buildings are usually filled with mortar or sealant. Sealant-filled joints are usually designed to accommodate structural and thermal movements.1.2 This guide specifically excludes dimension stone used in interior building surfaces, flooring or paving, slate dimension stone used as roofing. Though they share some similar assessment and maintenance concerns, thin stone (less than 2 in. nominal thickness) exterior cladding, and stone cladding attached to metal flames are also excluded due to their unique design characteristics and performance requirements. Although procedures and cautions listed herein may apply to walls and facades containing semi-dimension, or partially sized, stone in the form of split-face, or rubble and to stone-facade concrete panels, the guide is not specifically directed to such stone use. It does not address removal of small-area stains.1.3 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with the judgment of stone restoration design consultants. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given stone consultants service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 With the rapid expansion of the commercial photovoltaic market and the various standards and independent certification entities evolving, a consensus standard practice for the ICOMP process is needed to bring consistency to the market.4.2 Investors and insurance companies need consistency of product and standards to reduce costs of capital and underwriting. Use of a consensus standard practice is expected to improve consistency and reduce risk for investors.4.3 Photovoltaic systems operate in harsh environments that are not typical for electrical equipment and generally inconsistent with electrical contractor experience. Documented processes are needed to ensure performance and durability of the systems over the long operating life.4.4 The goal of this practice is to implement processes to improve safety and reliability, reduce lifecycle costs (commonly referred to as Levelized Cost of Energy or LCOE), and encourage the development of feedback loops for continuous improvement of results.4.5 This practice may be applied during any or all phases of the PV System Lifecycle (refer to Section 5). A record of the activities carried out according to this practice shall be included in the Report (refer to Section 8).1.1 This practice details the minimum requirements for installation, commissioning, operations, and maintenance processes to ensure safe and reliable power generation for the expected life of the photovoltaic system. Specifically dealing with commercial photovoltaic installations, this practice covers a broad spectrum of designs and applications and is focused on the proper process to ensure quality.1.2 This practice does not cover the electrical aspects of installation found in existing and national codes and does not replace or supersede details of electrical installation covered by the same. The practice does address the integration of best practices into design and construction.1.3 This practice shall not dictate specific design criteria or favor any product or technology.1.4 This practice shall be focused on the proper, documented process required to build and operate a quality PV plant as defined in Section 3.1.5 Integration of best practices shall be relevant to this standard and promote a mechanism for rapid evolution and reaction to changes or events. Conformity assessment for PV power plants is being developed through the IEC System for Certification to Standards Relating to Equipment for Use in Renewable Energy Applications (IECRE System). Sandia Labs has developed several model documents that may be adopted as acceptable consensus standards through other standards development organizations.1.6 The standard is divided into three key areas:1.6.1 Design, engineering, and construction of the PV plant. Systems should be designed with operation and maintenance (O&M) in mind. Further standards should be developed for building integrated or building mounted systems, modules with embedded power electronics, lightweight flexible modules, or other specific components.1.6.2 Commissioning, testing, and approval for power generation (Utility Witness Testing). Standards for owner acceptance will also be addressed.1.6.3 O&M of the PV plant including performance monitoring, periodic inspection, preventive maintenance, and periodic re-commissioning.1.7 Safety and hazard considerations unique to this application, such as worker fall protection, electrical exposure, accessibility of modules, and roof clearance (around the perimeter of the array) are addressed by other codes, standards, or authorities having jurisdiction.1.8 This practice provides guidelines for minimum processes required and must be used in conjunction with applicable codes and standards, government regulations, manufacturer requirements, and best practices.1.9 This practice is not intended to replace or supersede any other applicable local codes, standards or Licensed Design Professional instructions for a given installation.1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.11 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice covers installation, inspection, and maintenance of valve body cavity pressure relief methods for valves used in geothermal and other high-temperature liquid service. The valve type covered by this practice is a design with an isolated body cavity such that when the valve is in either the open or closed position pressure is trapped in the isolated cavity, and there is no provision to relieve the excess pressure internally. The installation shall be such that direct access to the body cavity is maintained and that the pressure relief device may be periodically removed, cleaned, inspected, and reinstalled without endangering the operating personnel or removing the valve from its functional application. The relief device may be mounted with an automatic shutoff, such as a check valve held in the open position by the relief device. The shutoff device will not be rendered inoperative. The recommended procedures for winterizing valves shall be as follows: the valve must be fully closed or fully opened and the body cavity should be purged with a nonreactive gas (for example, nitrogen) or filled with a fluid to produce a solution with a low freezing point.1.1 This practice covers installation, inspection, and maintenance of valve body cavity pressure relief methods for valves used in geothermal and other high-temperature liquid service. The valve type covered by this practice is a design with an isolated body cavity such that when the valve is in either the open or closed position pressure is trapped in the isolated cavity, and there is no provision to relieve the excess pressure internally.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 The purpose of this practice is to delineate information and to establish procedures for the operation, maintenance, inspection, and training for amusement rides and devices.1.1 This practice provides guidelines for operations, maintenance, and inspection procedures for amusement rides and devices to be performed by the owner/operator.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The purpose of this guide is to provide the user information and guidance for preparation of a plan for the surveillance and maintenance of nuclear facilities that have been deactivated and are awaiting D&D.4.1.1 This document provides guidance for performing S&M in a way that will ensure worker and public safety, while also addressing stakeholder requirements.4.1.2 Use of this guide helps standardize the basic requirements for S&M of nuclear facilities.4.2 Use of this guide helps ensure that the S&M plan addresses the significant activities and actions necessary to maintain these facilities in a safe and stable condition until they can be decommissioned.1.1 This guide outlines a method for developing a Surveillance and Maintenance (S&M) plan for inactive nuclear facilities. It describes the steps and activities necessary to prevent loss or release of radioactive or hazardous materials, and to minimize physical risks between the deactivation phase and the start of facility decontamination and decommissioning (D&D).1.2 The primary concerns for S&M are related to (1) animal intrusion, (2) structural integrity degradation, (3) water in-leakage, (4) contamination migration, (5) unauthorized personnel entry, and (6) theft/intrusion. This document is intended to serve as a guide only, and is not intended to modify existing regulations.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车