3.1 The procedures described in this practice are designed to provide uniform zinc coated steel panels for testing of paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings and related products.3.2 The proper description of the zinc coating on the substrate is an important part of this practice. Seemingly slight differences in zinc coating can produce substantial differences in coating performance.1.1 This practice covers the preparation of zinc-coated and zinc-alloy-coated sheet steel panels to be used for testing paint, varnish, lacquer, conversion coatings, and related products. It covers sheet steel coated with hot dipped galvanized, one-side galvanized, electrogalvanized, zinc-iron alloy coatings (such as galvanneal), and zinc-5 % aluminum alloy coatings. It does not cover steel panels coated with 55 % aluminum-45 % zinc alloy, because these behave more like aluminum than zinc.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This guide discusses options for taking a subsample from a sample submitted to a laboratory. If followed, it will minimize the bias and variance of the characteristic of interest of the laboratory sample prior to analysis.4.2 The guide will describe appropriate instructions to be submitted to the laboratory with the field sample.4.3 This guide is intended for use in the laboratory to take a representative subsample or specimen of the whole field sample for direct analysis or sample preparation for analysis. It is intended for field personnel, data users, laboratory sample reception personnel, analysts, and managers.4.4 To obtain a representative subsample, layer analysis, grinding, mixing, and changing the physical state such as digesting, drying, melting, or freezing may be required. This guide considers cone and quartering, riffle splitting, and particle size reduction.1.1 This guide covers common techniques for obtaining representative subsamples from a sample received at a laboratory for analysis. These samples may include solids, sludges, liquids, or multilayered liquids (with or without solids).1.2 The procedures and techniques discussed in this guide depend upon the sample matrix, the type of sample preparation and analysis performed, the characteristic(s) of interest, and the project-specific instructions or data quality objectives.1.3 This guide includes several sample homogenization techniques, including mixing and grinding, as well as information on how to obtain a specimen or split laboratory samples.1.4 This guide does not apply to air or gas sampling.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Organic as well as inorganic chlorine compounds can prove harmful to equipment and reactions in processes involving hydrocarbons.5.2 Maximum chloride levels are often specified for process streams and for hydrocarbon products.5.3 Organic chloride species are potentially damaging to refinery processes. Hydrochloric acid can be produced in hydrotreating or reforming reactors and this acid accumulates in condensing regions of the refinery.1.1 This test method covers the determination of organic chloride in aromatic hydrocarbons, their derivatives, and related chemicals.1.2 This test method is applicable to samples with chloride concentrations to 25 mg/kg. The limit of detection (LOD) is 0.2 mg/kg and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) is 0.7 mg/kg. With careful analytical technique or the measurement of replicates, or both, this method can be used to successfully analyze concentrations below the LOD.NOTE 1: The maximum is the highest concentration from the interlaboratory study and the LOD and LOQ were calculated from Performance Testing Program (PTP) data. See Table 1.1.3 This test method is preferred over Test Method D5194 for products, such as styrene, that are polymerized by the sodium biphenyl reagent.1.4 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.5 Organic chloride values of samples containing inorganic chlorides will be biased high due to partial recovery of inorganic species during combustion. Interference from inorganic species can be reduced by water washing the sample before analysis. This does not apply to water soluble samples.1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 7.3 and Section 9.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The ability of a paint or coating to resist deterioration of its physical and optical properties caused by exposure to light, heat, and water can be very significant for many applications. This practice is intended to induce property changes associated with end-use conditions, including the effects of sunlight, moisture, and heat. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and saltwater exposure.4.2 Cautions—Variation in results may be expected when different operating conditions are used. Therefore, no reference to the use of this practice shall be made unless accompanied by a report prepared according to Section 10 that describes the specific operating conditions used. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained according to this practice.NOTE 1: Additional information on sources of variability and on strategies for addressing variability in the design, execution, and data analysis of laboratory accelerated exposure tests is found in Guide G141.4.2.1 The spectral power distribution of light from an open-flame carbon-arc is significantly different from that produced in light and water exposure devices using other carbon-arc configurations or other light sources. The type and rate of degradation and the performance rankings produced by exposures to filtered open-flame carbon-arcs can be much different from those produced by exposures to other types of laboratory light sources.4.2.2 Interlaboratory comparisons are valid only when all laboratories use the same type of carbon-arc, filters, and exposure conditions.4.3 Reproducibility of test results between laboratories has been shown to be good when the stability of materials is evaluated in terms of performance ranking compared to other materials or to a control.4,5 Therefore, exposure of a similar material of known performance (a control) at the same time as the test materials is strongly recommended. It is recommended that at least three replicates of each material be exposed to allow for statistical evaluation of results.4.4 Test results will depend upon the care that is taken to operate the equipment according to Practice G152. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control, and conditions of the electrodes.4.5 All references to exposures in accordance with this practice must include a complete description of the test cycle used.1.1 This practice covers the selection of test conditions for accelerated exposure testing of coatings and related products in filtered open-flame carbon-arc devices conducted according to Practices G151 and G152. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions suited for coatings, and the evaluation of test results.1.2 This practice does not cover enclosed carbon-arc exposures of paints and related coatings, which is described in Practice D5031/D5031M. Another procedure for exposing these products is covered by Practice D3361/D3361M, in which the specimens are subjected to radiation from an unfiltered open-flame carbon arc that produces shorter wavelengths and higher levels of short wavelength radiation than filtered open-flame or enclosed carbon arcs.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The inclusion of the following paragraph, or a suitable equivalent, in any standard (preferably after the section on ) is due notification that the apparatus and reagents required in that standard are subject to the recommendations set forth in these practices.  “Apparatus and Reagents—Apparatus and reagents required for each determination are listed in separate sections preceding the procedure. Apparatus, standard solutions, and certain other reagents shall conform to the requirements prescribed in ASTM Practices E50, for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials.”  TABLE 1 Chemical Reagents Specified in ASTM Methods for Chemical Analysis of MetalsName Formula* Acetic acid CH3COOHAcetone CH3COCH3Acetylacetone (2,4-pentanedione) CH3COCH2COCH3Alizarin-Red-S C6H4COC6H-1,2-(OH)2-3-SO3NaCOAluminon (aurintricarboxylic acid-ammonium salt) (4-HOC6H3-3-COONH4)2C:C6H-3-(COONH4):OAluminum metal (99.9 % min) Al* Aluminum metal (sheet or rolled foil) AlAluminum ammonium sulfate Al2(NH4)2(SO4)4·24H2OAluminum nitrate Al(NO3)3·9H2OAluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3·18H2OAluminum oxide, fused (Alundum)  1-Amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid NH2C10H5(OH)SO3HAmmonium acetate CH3COONH4Ammonium benzoate C6H5COONH4Ammonium bifluoride NH4FHFAmmonium bisulfate NH4HSO4Ammonium bisulfite NH4HSO3Ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3* Ammonium chloride NH4Cl* Ammonium citrate CH2(COONH4)C(OH)(COOH)CH2COONH4Ammonium fluoride NH4F* Ammonium hydroxideA NH4OHAmmonium iodide NH4IAmmonium molybdate (NH4)2MoO4* Ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2OAmmonium nitrate NH4NO3* Ammonium oxalate NH4OCOCOONH4·H2O* Ammonium phosphate, dibasic (diammonium acid phosphate) (NH4)2HPO4* Ammonium persulfate (ammonium peroxydisulfate) (NH4)2S2O8* Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4* Ammonium tartrate NH4OCO(CHOH)2COONH4Ammonium thiocyanate NH4SCNAmmonium vanadate NH4VO3Antimony metal (powder) SbAntimony trichloride SbCl3* Arsenic trioxide As2O3Asbestos (for use with Gooch crucible)     Barium Chloride BaCl2·2H2OBarium diphenylamine sulfonate (C6H5NHC6H4-4-SO3)2Ba* Benzoic acid C6H5COOHα-Benzoin oxime (benzoin anti-oxime) C6H5CHOHC:NOHC6H5Beryllium sulfate BeSO4·4H2OBismuth metal (99.9 % min) BiBoric acid H3BO3Bromocresol green (3′,3",5′,5"-tetrabromo-m-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H-3,5-Br2-2-CH3-4-OH)2Bromocresol purple (5′,5"-Dibromo-o-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H2-3-CH3-5-Br-4-OH)2Bromine (liquid) Br2Bromophenol blue (3′,3",5′,5"-tetrabromophenolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H2-3,5-Br2-4-OH)21-Butanol CH3CH2CH2CH2OHButyl acetate (normal) CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3   * Cadmium chloride CdCl2·21/2 H2OCadmium chloride, anhydrous CdCl2* † Calcium carbonate (low-boron) CaCO3Carbon dioxide (gas) CO2Carbon dioxide (solid) CO2Carbon tetrachloride CCl4Carminic acid 1,3,4-(HO)3-2-C6H11O6C6COC6H-5-COOH-6-OH-8-CH3CO* Chloroform CHCl3Cinchonine C19H22N2OCitric acid HOC(COOH)(CH2COOH)2Cobalt metal CoCobalt sulfate CoSO4Coke  Congo red test paper  Copper metal (99.9 % min) Cu* Copper metal (powder or turnings) CuCopper metal (P-free) CuCopper metal (Mn, Ni, and Co-free, less than 0.001 % of each) CuCopper-rare earth oxide mixture  m-Cresol purple (m-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H3-2-CH3-4-OH)2Cupferron C6H5N(NO)ONH4Cupric chloride CuCl2·2H2O* Cupric nitrate Cu(NO3)2·3H2O* Cupric oxide (powder) CuOCupric potassium chloride CuCl2·2KCl·2H2O* Cupric sulfate CuSO4·5H2OCurcumin (2-CH3OC6H3-1-OH-4-CH:CHCO)2CH2   Devarda's alloy 50Cu-45Al-5ZnDiethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ([[(carboxymethyl)imino]bis(ethylenenenitrilo)] tetraacetic acid) ((HOCOCH2)2NCH2CH2)2NCH2COOH* Dimethylglyoxime CH3C:NOHC:NOHCH3N,N′ Diphenylbenzidine C6H5NHC6H4C6H4NHC6H5Diphenylcarbazide (1,5-diphenylcarbohydrazide) C6H5NHNHCONHNHC6H5* Disodium (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetate dihydrate See (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium saltDithiol (toluene-3,4-dithiol) CH3C6H3(SH)2Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone) C6H5NHNHCSN:NC6H5   Eriochrome black-T (1(1-hydroxy-2-naphthylazo)-6-nitro-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt) 1-HOC10H6-2-N:N-1-C10H4-2-OH-4-SO3Na-6-NO2* EDTA (Disodium salt) See (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium salt* Ethanol C2H5OH* Ethyl ether (diethyl ether) C2H5OC2H5* (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium salt HOCOCH2(NaOCOCH2)NCH2N(CH2COONa)CH2COOH·2H2OEthylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-methoxy-ethanol) CH3OCH2CH2OH   * Ferric chloride FeCl3·6H2O* Ferric nitrate Fe(NO3)3·9H2OFerric sulfate Fe2(SO4)3·nH2O* Ferrous ammonium sulfate Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O* Ferrous sulfate FeSO4·7H2OFluoroboric acid HBF4Fluorescein, sodium salt 2NaOCOC6H4C:C6H3-3(:O)OC6H3-6-ONaFormaldehyde HCHO* Formic acidA HCOOH   Gelatin  Graphite CGlass wool  Glycerol CH2OHCHOHCH2OH   Hydrazine sulfate NH2NH2·H2SO4* Hydrobromic acidA HBr* Hydrochloric acidA HCl* Hydrofluoric acidA HFHydrogen chloride gas HCl* Hydrogen peroxide H2O2Hydrogen sulfide gas H2SHydroquinone 1,4-(OH)2C6H4* Hydroxylamine hydrochloride NH2OH·HCl* Hypophosphorous acidB H3PO2   Invert sugar  * Iodine I2Iron metal or wire (99.8 % min) FeIsopropyl ether (CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)2   Lead metal Pb* Lead acetate Pb(CH3COO)2Lead chloride PbCl2* Lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2Litmus  Lithium fluoride LiF   Magnesium metal (Sn-free) MgMagnesium perchlorate, anhydrous Mg(ClO4)2* Magnesium sulfate MgSO4·7H2OManganese metal (99.8 % min) MnManganous nitrate Mn(NO3)2Manganous sulfate MnSO4·H2OMannitol CH2OH(CHOH)4CH2OHMarble chips  * Mercuric chloride HgCl2* Mercury Hg* Methanol CH3OHMethyl isobutyl ketone (4-methyl-2-pentanone) CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2* Methyl orange (p[[p-dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt) 4-NaOSO2C6H4N:NC6H4-4-N(CH3)2Methyl purple formula unknown, patented* Methyl red (o -[[(p-dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzoic acid) 4-(CH3)2NC6H4N:NC6H4-2-COOHMolybdenum metal (99.8 % min) MoMolybdic acid, anhydride (molybdenum trioxide) MoO3Molybdic acid (ammonium paramolybdate) Assay: as MoO3—85 %Morin, anhydrous (2′,3,4′,7-penta hydroxyflavone) 5,7-(HO)2C6H2 OC(C6H3-2,4-(OH)2):C(OH)CO   β-Naphthoquinoline (5,6-benzoquinoline) C10H6CH:CHCH:NNeocuproine (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) (CH3)2C12H6N2·12H2ONickel metal (99.8 % min) NiNickel metal (sheet) NiNickelous nitrate Ni(NO3)2·6H2ONickelous sulfate NiSO4·6H2O* Nitric acidA HNO3Nitrogen gas (oxygen-free) N2Nitrogen, liquid N2m-Nitrophenol NO2C6H4OH1-Nitroso-2-naphthol(α-nitroso-β-naphthol) NOC10H6OHNitroso-R-salt (1-nitroso-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt) 1-NOC10H4-2-(OH)-3,6-(SO3Na)2   Osmium tetraoxide OsO4Oxalic acid (COOH)2Oxygen gas O2   * Perchloric acidA HClO41,10-Phenanthroline (o -phenanthroline) CH:CHCH:NC:CCH:CHC:CN:CHCH:CH·H2O* Phenolphthalein C6H4COOC(C6H4-4-OH)2* Phosphoric acid H3PO4Piperidine NH(CH2)4CH2Platinized quartz  Platinized silica gel  Platinum gauze Pt* Potassium biphthalate 1-KOCOC6H4-2-COOHPotassium bisulfate KHSO4* Potassium bromate KBrO3* Potassium bromide KBr* Potassium chlorate KClO3* Potassium chloride KCl* Potassium chromate K2CrO4Potassium columbate 4K2O·3Cb2O5·16H2O* Potassium cyanide KCN* Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7* Potassium ferricyanide K3Fe(CN)6Potassium ferrocyanide K4Fe(CN)6·3H2O* Potassium fluoride KF·2H2O* Potassium hydroxide KOH* Potassium iodate KIO3* Potassium iodide KIPotassium iodide starch paper  * Potassium nitrate KNO3* Potassium m-periodate KIO4* Potassium permanganate KMnO4Potassium persulfate K2S2O8Potassium phosphate, monobasic KH2PO4* Potassium pyrosulfate K2S2O7* Potassium sulfate K2SO4Potassium tantalum fluoride K2TaFPotassium thiocarbonate K2CS3* Potassium thiocyanate KSCNPyrogallic acid (pyrogallol) C6H3-1,3-(OH)3   Quinine sulfate (C20H24N2O2)2·H2SO4·2H2O8-Quinolinol (8-hydroxyquinoline) HOC6H3N:CHCH:CH   Sebacic acid HOCO(CH2)8COOHSelenium (powder) SeSilicon dioxide (silica) SiO2* Silver nitrate AgNO3Soda-lime  Soda-mica mineral (CO2 absorbent)  Sodium acetate CH3COONaSodium arsenite NaAsO2Sodium azide NaN3* Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3* Sodium bismuthate NaBiO3Sodium bisulfate see sodium hydrogen sulfate* Sodium bisulfate, fused see sodium hydrogen sulfate, fusedSodium bisulfite NaHSO3* Sodium borate Na2B4O7·10H2O* Sodium carbonate, anhydrous Na2CO3Sodium chlorate NaClO3Sodium chloride NaClSodium citrate HOC(COONa)(CH2COONa)2·2H2OSodium cyanide NaCNSodium diethyldithiocarbamate (C2H5)2NCSSNa·3H2OSodium dimethylglyoximate CH3C(:NONa)C(:NONa)CH3·8H2OSodium diphenylamine sulfonate C6H5NHC6H4-4-SO3NaSodium dithionite (hydrosulfite) Na2S2O4* Sodium fluoride NaFSodium hydrogen sulfate NaHSO4Sodium hydrogen sulfate, fused A mixture of Na2S2O7 and NaHSO4* Sodium hydroxide NaOHSodium hypophosphite NaH2PO2·H2OSodium molybdate Na2MoO4·2H2OSodium nitrate NaNO3Sodium nitrite NaNO2Sodium oxalate NaOCOCOONaSodium perchlorate NaClO4Sodium peroxide Na2O2Sodium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous Na2HPO4Sodium pyrophosphate Na4P2O7·10H2OSodium pyrosulfate Na2S2O7Sodium sulfate, anhydrous Na2SO4Sodium sulfide Na2S·9H2OSodium sulfite Na2SO3·7H2OSodium sulfite, anhydrous Na2SO3Sodium thiocyanate NaSCN* Sodium thiosulfate Na2S2O3·5H2O* Sodium tungstate Na2WO4·2H2O* Stannous chloride SnCl2·2H2O* Starch (C6H10O5)xSuccinic acid HOCOCH2CH2COOHSulfamic acid NH2SO3HSulfatoceric acid (ceric sulfate) H4Ce(SO4)45-Sulfosalicylic acid 2-HOC6H3-1-COOH-5-SO3H·2H2OSulfur dioxide gas SO2* Sulfuric acidA H2SO4* Sulfurous acidA H2SO3   Talc  * Tartaric acid HOCO(CHOH)2COOHTest lead PbTetrapropylammonium hydroxide (CH3CH2CH2)4NOHThioglycollic acid (mercaptoacetic acid) CH2SHCOOHThiourea NH2CSNH2Tin metal (99.9 %min) SnTitanium dioxide TiO2Titanium metal (low Sn) TiTriethanolamine (2,2′,2"-nitrilotriethanol) (CH2OHCH2)3N   Uranium oxide U3O8* Uranyl nitrate UO2(NO3)2·6H2OUrea NH2CONH2   Zinc (99.9 % min) ZnZinc metal (S-free) ZnZinc oxide ZnOZinc sulfate ZnSO4·7H2OZirconium oxide ZrO2Zirconium metal ZrZirconyl chloride ZrOCl2·8H2O(A) * Reagent on which ACS specifications exist.† ACS specification exists but does not cover all requirements.For concentration of laboratory reagent, see Table 2.(B) Contains at least 50 % H3PO2.4.2 It is assumed that the users of these practices will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly-equipped laboratory.1.1 These practices cover laboratory apparatus and reagents that are required for the chemical analysis of metals, ores and related materials by standard methods of ASTM. Detailed descriptions of recommended apparatus and detailed instructions for the preparation of standard solutions and certain nonstandardized reagents will be found listed or specified in the individual methods of analysis. Included here are general recommendations on the purity of reagents and protective measures for the use of hazardous reagents.1.2 These recommendations are intended to apply to the ASTM methods of chemical analysis of metals when definite reference is made to these practices, as covered in Section 4.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards are given in Section 8.NOTE 1: The use of the verb “shall” (with its obligatory third person meaning) in this standard has been confined to those aspects of laboratory safety where regulatory requirements are known to exist. Such regulations, however, are beyond the scope of these practices.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These practices are primarily intended to test materials for compliance with compositional specifications and for monitoring. Partial extraction of ores and related metallurgical materials can provide information on the availability of elements to leaching, water quality changes, or other site conditions.4.2 It is assumed that the users of these practices will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory and that proper waste disposal procedures will be followed. Appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882 shall be followed.1.1 These practices cover the digestion of ores and related metallurgical materials, such as mine soil, waste rock and tailings, for subsequent determination of acid-extractable contents of certain elements by such solution analytical techniques as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) (see Test Method D1976), and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (see Test Method D5673).1.1.1 Contents of aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium, bismuth, boron, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, gallium, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, phosphorus, potassium, scandium, selenium, silver, sodium, strontium, thallium, tin, titanium, vanadium and zinc can be extracted from ores and related metallurgical materials for determination by analytical methods for elements in solution. Other elements may be determined from extracts produced using this practice.1.1.2 Actual element quantification in digested solutions can be accomplished by following the various test methods under other appropriate ASTM standards for element(s) of interest in solution.1.1.3 The detection limit and linear content range for each element is dependent on the atomic absorption, mass spectrometry or emission spectrometric technique employed and may be found in the manual accompanying the instrument used or ASTM standard method for analysis of the solutions. Consider the dilution factor in content calculations due to digestion and dilution of solid samples.1.1.4 The extent of extraction of elements from ores and related metallurgical materials by these practices is dependent upon the physical and mineralogical characteristics of the prepared sample and the digestion practice used.1.2 The digestion practices appear in the following order:  SectionsNitric Acid Microwave Digestion 7 to 14Four-Acid Total Digestion 15 to 211.3 The values stated SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurements are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Sections 11 and 20.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This terminology contains terms, definitions of terms, nomenclature, and explanations of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols specific to concrete masonry units and related units.1.2 The definitions and descriptions of terms in this terminology pertain to Specifications C55, C73, C90, C129, C139, C744, and C1319 and Test Methods C140, C426, C1006, and C1262.

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4.1 This practice should be used for those coatings that are designed for spray applications of objects in the factory or in the field. It is particularly important that it be used in the evaluation of metallic coatings for appearance properties, such as gloss and color.4.2 Coatings applied by this test method may exhibit a slight orange-peel or spray wave.1.1 Five practices are given for preparing films of uniform thickness of coatings on test panels. These practices are:Practice A—Automated Spray Machine ApplicationPractice B—Motor-Driven Dip Coater ApplicationPractice C—Motor-Driven Blade Film ApplicationPractice D—Hand-Held Spray Gun ApplicationPractice E—Hand-Held Blade Film Application1.2 The use of wire-wound drawdown bars as described in Practice D4147 may also be an appropriate method for producing films of uniform coating thickness.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 Man-made polymers can be combined during manufacture, or natural polymers can be formed during growth, to produce multicomponent fibers having special properties such as cross dyeability, differential shrinkage, or bulk. This standard contains terms which can be used to describe the physical arrangement of components of such fibers. The schematic diagram in Annex A1 provides a guide for interpreting the terminology used in describing two- and three-component fibers, but is not intended to be limiting. Some examples of usage are given in Annex A2, and a bibliography of related literature is given in Appendix X1.1.2 For definitions of other textile terms, refer to Terminology D123.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The Form and Style Manual provides mandatory requirements and recommended practices for the preparation and content of ASTM specifications. In order to promote consistency in the style and content of product specifications under its jurisdiction, Committee A01 recognizes the need to provide a supplementary document pertaining to the types of products and materials covered by those specifications.4.2 This guide contains a list of sections to be considered for inclusion in a specification for steel, stainless steel, and related alloy products, and guidance or recommended wording, or both, for such sections.4.3 Persons drafting new product specifications, or modifying existing ones, under the jurisdiction of Committee A01, should follow this guide and the requirements of the Form and Style Manual to ensure consistency.1.1 This guide covers the editorial form and style for product specifications under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01.NOTE 1: For standards other than product specifications, such as test methods, practices, and guides, see the appropriate sections of Form and Style for ASTM Standards (Blue Book).21.2 Subcommittees preparing new product specifications or revising existing ones should follow the practices and procedures outlined herein, and be guided by the latest specification covering similar commodities.1.3 This guide has been prepared as a supplement to the current edition of the Form and Style Manual, and is appropriate for use by the subcommittees to Committee A01. This guide is to be applied in conjunction with the Form and Style Manual.1.4 If a conflict exists between this guide and the mandatory sections of the current edition of the Form and Style Manual, the Form and Style Manual requirements have precedence. If a conflict exists between this guide and the nonmandatory sections of the current edition of the Form and Style Manual, the guide has precedence.1.5 When patents are involved, the specifications writer should refer to section F3 of the Form and Style Manual. Also, refer to part F of the Form and Style Manual for trademark information and the safety hazards caveat.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The intended use of this guide is to provide practical assistance in the development of an optimized sampling design. This standard describes or discusses:4.1.1 Sampling design selection criteria,4.1.2 Factors impacting the choice of a sampling design,4.1.3 Selection of a sampling design,4.1.4 Techniques for optimizing candidate designs, and4.1.5 The criteria for evaluating an optimized sampling design.4.2 Within a formal USEPA data generation activity, the planning process or data quality objectives (DQOs) development is the first step. The second and third are the implementation of the sampling and analysis design and the data quality assessment. Within the DQO planning process, the selection and optimization of the sampling design is the last step, and therefore, the culmination of the DQO process. The preceding steps in the DQO planning process address:4.2.1 The problem that needs to be addressed,4.2.2 The possible decisions,4.2.3 The data input and associated activities,4.2.4 The boundaries of the study,4.2.5 The development of decision rules, and4.2.6 The specified the limits on decision error.4.3 This guide is not intended to address the aspects of the planning process for development of the project objectives. However, the project objectives must be outlined and communicated to the design team, prior to the selection and optimization of the sample design.4.4 This guide references statistical aspects of the planning and implementation process and includes an appendix for the statistical calculation of the optimum number of samples for a given sampling design.4.5 This guide is intended for those who are responsible for making decisions about environmental waste management activities.1.1 This document provides practical guidance on the selection and optimization of sample designs in waste management sampling activities, within the context of the requirements established by the data quality objectives or other planning process.1.2 This document (1) provides guidance for selection of sampling designs; (2) outlines techniques to optimize candidate designs; and (3) describes the variables that need to be balanced in choosing the final optimized design.1.3 The contents of this guide are arranged by section as follows:1.   2. Referenced Documents   3. Terminology   4.   5. Summary of Guide   6. Factors Affecting Sampling Design Selection    6.1 Sampling Design Performance Characteristics    6.2 Regulatory Considerations    6.3 Project Objectives    6.4 Knowledge of the Site    6.5 Physical Sample Issues    6.6 Communication with the Laboratory    6.7 Analytical Turn Around Time    6.8 Analytical Method Constraints    6.9 Health and Safety    6.10 Budget/Cost Considerations    6.11 Representativeness   7. Initial Design Selection  8. Optimization Criteria  9. Optimization Process    9.2 Practical Evaluation of Design Alternatives    9.3 Statistical and Cost Evaluation   10. Final Selection     Annex A1 Types of Sampling Designs    A1.1 Commonly Used Sampling Designs    A1.2 Sampling Design Tools    A1.3 Combination Sample Designs   Appendix X1. Additional References   Appendix X2. Choosing Analytical Method Based on Variance and Cost   Appendix X3. Calculating the Number of Samples: A Statistical Treatment  1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This guide covers a list of test methods, practices, and specifications that can be used for the testing and evaluation of printing inks, printed ink films, and substrates used in their production (see Table 1). 1.2 This guide includes methods that were developed to test paints, paint films, and substrates, but may be adapted for use in testing printing inks and printed matter. Tests on raw materials and analytical methods in general have not been included. Tests for printing ink vehicles are covered in Guide D 6687. Note 1—For the purpose of this guide, clear coatings such as overprint varnishes are classed as printing inks. 1.3 Other ASTM standards not specified here may also be applicable.

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5.1 Environmental data are often required for making regulatory and programmatic decisions. Decision makers must determine whether the levels of assurance associated with the data are sufficient in quality for their intended use.5.2 Data generation efforts involve three parts: development of DQOs and subsequent project plan(s) to meet the DQOs, implementation and oversight of the project plan(s), and assessment of the data quality to determine whether the DQOs were met.5.3 To determine the level of assurance necessary to support the decision, an iterative process must be used by decision makers, data collectors, and users. This practice emphasizes the iterative nature of the process of DQO development. Objectives may need to be reevaluated and modified as information related to the level of data quality is gained. This means that DQOs are the product of the DQO process and are subject to change as data are gathered and assessed.5.4 This practice defines the process of developing DQOs. Each step of the planning process is described.5.5 This practice emphasizes the importance of communication among those involved in developing DQOs, those planning and implementing the sampling and analysis aspects of environmental data generation activities, and those assessing data quality.5.6 The impacts of a successful DQO process on the project are as follows: (1) a consensus on the nature of the problem and the desired decision shared by all the decision makers, (2) data quality consistent with its intended use, (3) a more resource-efficient sampling and analysis design, (4) a planned approach to data collection and evaluation, (5) quantitative criteria for knowing when to stop sampling, and (6) known measure of risk for making an incorrect decision.1.1 This practice covers the process of development of data quality objectives (DQOs) for the acquisition of environmental data. Optimization of sampling and analysis design is a part of the DQO process. This practice describes the DQO process in detail. The various strategies for design optimization are too numerous to include in this practice. Many other documents outline alternatives for optimizing sampling and analysis design. Therefore, only an overview of design optimization is included. Some design aspects are included in the practice's examples for illustration purposes.1.2 DQO development is the first of three parts of data generation activities. The other two aspects are (1) implementation of the sampling and analysis strategies, see Guide D6311; and (2) data quality assessment, see Guide D6233.1.3 This guide should be used in concert with Practices D5283, D6250, and Guide D6044. Practice D5283 outlines the quality assurance (QA) processes specified during planning and used during implementation. Guide D6044 outlines a process by which a representative sample may be obtained from a population, identifies sources that can affect representativeness, and describes the attributes of a representative sample. Practice D6250 describes how a decision point can be calculated.1.4 Environmental data related to waste management activities include, but are not limited to, the results from the sampling and analyses of air, soil, water, biota, process or general waste samples, or any combinations thereof.1.5 The DQO process is a planning process and should be completed prior to sampling and analysis activities.1.6 This practice presents extensive requirements of management, designed to ensure high-quality environmental data. The words “must” and “shall” (requirements), “should” (recommendation), and “may” (optional), have been selected carefully to reflect the importance placed on many of the statements in this practice. The extent to which all requirements will be met remains a matter of technical judgment.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.7.1 Exception—The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This test method describes the analytical measurement of residual matter in solvents that are intended to be 100 % volatile at 105 °C ± 5 °C. Volatile solvents are used in the manufacture of paint, varnish, lacquer, and other related products, and the presence of any residue may affect the product quality or efficiency of the process. This test method is useful in manufacturing control and assessing compliance with specifications.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the nonvolatile matter in volatile solvents for use in paint, varnish, lacquer, and related products.1.2 The following applies to all specified limits in this standard; for purposes of determining conformance with this standard, an observed value or a calculated value shall be rounded off “to the nearest unit” in the last right-hand digit used in expressing the specification limit, in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 For hazard information and guidance, see the supplier’s Material Safety Data Sheet for materials listed in this test method.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 5.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This practice establishes the standard procedures for ranking the measured slip resistance data of footwear sole, heel, and other related materials on various walkway surfaces.1.1 This practice covers the ranking of slip resistance of footwear sole, heel, or related materials on various walkway surfaces.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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