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1.1 This practice covers a procedure for the collection of particulate contamination in the analysis of cleanliness of man-accessible propellant tanks and storage vessels. 1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. (See hazard statement, Section 5.

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ASTM D1998-21 Standard Specification for Polyethylene Upright Storage Tanks Active 发布日期 :  1970-01-01 实施日期 : 

This specification covers flat-bottom, upright, cylindrical tanks molded in one-piece seamless construction by rotational molding. The tanks are molded from polyethylene for above ground, vertical installation and are capable of containing aggressive chemicals at atmospheric pressure. This specification does not cover the design of vessels intended for use at pressures other than atmospheric pressure. Furthermore, this specification does not cover the design of portable tanks and is not for vessels intended for use with liquids heated above their flash points in continuous service. Special design considerations not covered in this specification shall be given to vessels subject to superimposed mechanical forces, such as seismic forces, wind load or agitation; to vessels subject to service above specified temperature; and vessels subject to specified superimposed pressure of water. Low-temperature impact test shall be performed on rotational-molded polyethylene tanks. The test method is used on tanks molded from both the crosslinked and non-crosslinked polyethylenes. Dart drop impact test shall be performed to determine the quality of the tank. O-xylene-insoluble fraction or gel test shall be performed on crosslinked polyethylene. Visual inspection and water test shall also be performed on the samples.1.1 This specification covers flat-bottom, upright, cylindrical tanks molded in one-piece seamless construction by rotational molding. The tanks are molded from polyethylene for above ground, vertical installation and are capable of containing aggressive chemicals at atmospheric pressure. Included are requirements for materials, properties, design, construction, dimensions, tolerances, workmanship and appearance. Tank capacities are from 1900 L (500 gal) up.1.2 This specification covers the design of stationery vessels for use at atmospheric pressure intended for use with liquids heated below their flash points and continuous service temperatures below 66°C (150°F) for Type I tanks and below 60°C (140°F) for Type II tanks.1.2.1 NFPA Standards 30 and NFPA 31 shall be consulted for installations that are subject to the requirements of these standards.1.3 For service requirements beyond the scope of this specification (1.2), such as externally imposed mechanical forces, internal pressure or vacuum, higher temperature service, etc., other relevant sources of standards, for example, local and state building codes, NFPA, ASME, ARM, etc., shall be consulted.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.NOTE 1: ISO 13341:2005+A1:2011 and ISO 13575:2012 are similar, but not equivalent to this standard.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This guide covers the collection of quantitative data in the form of storage capacity, strength of materials, filling and offloading rates, and towability under controlled test conditions. The data can be used for evaluating the design characteristics of a particular temporary storage device or as a means of comparing two or more devices. Caution must be exercised whenever the test data are used to predict performance in actual spill situations since the uncontrolled environmental conditions that affect performance in the field are rarely identical to conditions in the test facility. Other variables such as mechanical reliability, the presence of debris, ease of repair, required operator training, operator fatigue, and transportability also affect performance in an actual spill but are not included in this guide. These variables should be considered along with the test data when making comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.4.2 Although this guide provides data on the performance of temporary storage devices, all of the combinations of actual conditions of use are not simulated in this series of tests. In particular, the resistance of the device to grounding, abrasion resistance of the container body, venting of the device during loading, and other operational issues not covered by this guide should be considered along with the test data when making comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.1.1 This guide covers a guideline for measuring the performance parameters of full-scale temporary storage devices that would be used to store oil and oil-water mixtures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precautionary statements are given in 6.2.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification includes the requirements for mixing rooms where paste and mortar specimens are prepared and for moist cabinets, moist rooms, and water storage tanks where paste, mortar, and concrete specimens are stored; intended for use in the testing of hydraulic cements and concretes. The system shall be equipped with a temperature recorder and a reference temperature measuring device that are to be placed practically near to each other. The air and mixing water temperatures and the relative humidity in the cement mixing room shall be maintained at specific values. Moist cabinets and moist rooms shall be constructed of durable materials with tight-fitting doors or windows for all openings. Air in moist cabinet or moist room shall be saturated with moisture in order to provide specified storage conditions and air temperature shall be controlled with provisions made for heating, cooling, or both. The specified relative humidity in these systems shall be maintained by the use of one or more fog sprays, water sprays, or curtains of water on the inner walls. Water storage tanks shall be constructed of non-corroding materials with provisions for automatic control of water temperature. The water in a storage tank shall be saturated with calcium hydroxide to prevent leaching.1.1 This specification includes requirements for mixing rooms where paste and mortar specimens are prepared; and for moist cabinets, moist rooms, and water storage tanks where paste, mortar, and concrete specimens are stored.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Values in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Fuel oxidation and other degradative reactions leading to formation of sediment (and color) are mildly accelerated by the test conditions compared with typical storage conditions. Test results have been shown to predict storage stability more reliably than other more accelerated tests. See Appendix X1 for information on the correlation of test results with actual field storage.5.2 Because the storage periods are long (4 weeks to 24 weeks), the test method is not suitable for quality control testing, but does provide a tool for research on storage properties of fuels.5.3 Because environmental effects and the materials and nature of tank construction affect storage stability, the results obtained by this test are not necessarily the same as those obtained during storage in a specific field storage situation.1.1 This test method covers a method for evaluating the inherent storage stability of distillate fuels having flash points above 38 °C (100 °F), by Test Methods D93, and 90 % distilled points below 340 °C (644 °F), by Test Method D86.NOTE 1: ASTM specification fuels falling within the scope of this test method are Specification D396, Grade Nos. 1 and 2; Specification D975, Grades 1-D and 2-D; and Specification D2880, Grades 1-GT and 2-GT.1.2 This test method is not suitable for quality control testing but, rather it is intended for research use to shorten storage time relative to that required at ambient storage temperatures.1.3 Appendix X1 presents additional information about storage stability and the correlation of Test Method D4625 results with sediment formation in actual field storage.1.4 The values given in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.1.4.1 Exception—The values in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Test Method—The constant pressure injection test method is used to determine the transmissivity and storativity of low-permeability formations surrounding packed-off intervals. Advantages of the method are: (1) it avoids the effect of well-bore storage, (2) it may be employed over a wide range of rock mass permeabilities, and (3) it is considerably shorter in duration than the conventional pump and slug tests used in more permeable rocks.5.2 Analysis—The transient water flow rate data obtained using the suggested test method are evaluated by the curve-matching technique described by Jacob and Lohman (1)4 and extended to analysis of single fractures by Doe et al. (2). If the water flow rate attains steady state, it may be used to calculate the transmissivity of the test interval (3).NOTE 2: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.NOTE 3: The function of wells in any unconfined setting in a fractured terrain might make the determination of k problematic because the wells might only intersect tributary or subsidiary channels or conduits. The problems determining the k of a channel or conduit notwithstanding, the partial penetration of tributary channels may make determination of a meaningful number difficult. If plots of k in carbonates and other fractured settings are made and compared, they may show no indication that there are conduits or channels present, except when with the lowest probability one maybe intersected by a borehole and can be verified, such problems are described by Worthington (4) and Smart, 1999 (5). Additional guidance can be found in Guide D5717.1.1 This test method covers a field procedure for determining the transmissivity and storativity of geological formations having permeabilities lower than 10−3 μm2 (1 millidarcy) using constant head injection.1.2 The transmissivity and storativity values determined by this test method provide a good approximation of the capacity of the zone of interest to transmit water, if the test intervals are representative of the entire zone and the surrounding rock is fully water-saturated.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.NOTE 1: Unit Conversions—The permeability of a formation is often expressed in terms of the unit darcy (non-SI). A porous medium has a permeability of 1 Darcy when a fluid of viscosity 1 cp (1 mPa·s) flows through it at a rate of 1 cm3/s (10–6 m3/s)/1 cm2 (10–4 m2) cross-sectional area at a pressure differential of 1 atm (101.4 kPa)/1 cm (10 mm) of length. One Darcy corresponds to 0.987 μm2. For water as the flowing fluid at 20°C, a hydraulic conductivity of 9.66 μm/s corresponds to a permeability of 1 Darcy. Permeabilities may also be expressed as millidarcy (md), which is not an SI unit.1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.1.4.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded or calculated, in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analytical methods for engineering design.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice provides requirements for the handling, transportation, and storage of Halon 1211 encountered in distribution through both commercial and military channels. It is intended to ensure that Halon 1211 is handled, transported, and stored in such a way that its physical property values are not degraded. Transport may be by various means, such as, but not limited to, highway, rail, water, and air.1.1 This practice covers guidance and direction to suppliers, recyclers, reclaimers, purchasers, and users in the handling, transportation, and storage of Halon 1211.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This safety specification establishes the performance requirements for tipover restraint(s) used with clothing storage unit(s). It is intended to assess the strength of the tipover restraint only, and does not address the in situ performance of the tipover restraint. This specification also defines the test method for tipover restraints, along with installation instructions and labeling requirements.1.1 This safety specification is intended to define the test method and other requirements for tipover restraints as required in Specification F2057.1.2 This specification assesses the strength of the tipover restraint only, and does not address the in situ performance of the tipover restraint.1.3 The values stated in inch‐pounds units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 The following safety hazard caveat pertains only to the test procedure portion, Section 4, of this safety specification. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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