1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the nondestructive measurement of the thickness of transparent anodic coatings on aluminum articles by means of the light-section microscope. This method may also be used to measure the thickness of any transparent coating on an opaque reflective surface.1.2 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 This terminology covers terms related to impact test methods and impact attenuation specifications of sports equipment and surfaces.1.2 This terminology is appropriate for use in the development of standards that describe gravity-driven impact test methods or specify impact attenuation performance criteria and which fall under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F08 on Sports Equipment and Facilities.1.3 This terminology defines common terms that are applicable to many sports-related impact tests including those used in the context of sports surfaces, athletic footwear, protective equipment and padding. The use of a common terminology will promote greater consistency among standards and reduce the risk of misinterpretation.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This terminology defines characteristics of soils and turfgrass for use in the development of standards and specifications for natural playing surfaces. This standard includes terms that pertain to natural playing surfaces used for sports and may include those surfaces supporting the growth of turfgrass or unvegetated (bare soil) playing surfaces that are constructed with natural materials.1.2 The terms defined in this terminology standard are appropriate for use by sports field development professionals, owners and institutions, installers and contractors and other practitioners in matters concerning natural surfaces evaluations, test methods, specifications, maintenance and construction.

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The knowledge of vehicle stopping distance or deceleration serves as an additional tool in characterizing the pavement surface skid resistance. When used in conjunctionwith other physical and chemical tests, the skid resistance values derived from these test methods may determine the suitability and adequacy of paving materials or finishing techniques. Improvements in pavement maintenance practices and schedules may result from use of these test methods.The stopping distance or deceleration values measured by these two test methods with the equipment and procedures stated herein do not necessarily agree or correlate directly with other methods of skid-resistance measurements. These test methods are suitable where direct comparison between pavement surfaces are to be made within the same test program.1.1 These test methods cover the measurement of skid resistance on paved surfaces with a passenger vehicle equipped with specified full-scale vehicle tires and using the diagonal braking mode. These test methods include the following:1.1.1 Full-Stop Method This represents the nonsteady-state skid resistance on two diagonally locked wheels, as the vehicle decelerates over a wetted pavement surface under specified limits of static wheel load and from a desired speed. The vehicle shall remain essentially parallel to its original direction of motion.1.1.2 Pulse-Braking MethodThe deceleration resulting from momentary diagonal wheel lockup (pulse braking) is measured. The vehicle decelerates over a wetted pavement surface under specified limits of static wheel load and at a desired speed. The vehicle shall remain essentially parallel to its original direction of motion.1.2 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents: therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.

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5.1 This guide describes factors to be considered by an investigator designing a sampling program to compare the asbestos dust loadings in two environments and presents statistical methods for making the comparison. Each user is responsible for the design of an investigation and the interpretation of data collected when using dust data.5.2 This guide does not deal with situations where dusts of different compositions or from different surfaces are to be evaluated.5.3 This guide describes methods for interpreting the results of sampling and analysis performed in accordance with Test Methods D5755 and D6480. It may be appropriate to use the procedures in this guide with other dust collection and analysis methods, but it is the responsibility of the user to make this determination.5.4 The methods described in this guide are not intended to be used alone. They are intended to be used along with various evaluation methods that may include consideration of building use, activities within the building, air sampling, asbestos surveys (refer to Practice E2356), evaluation of building history and study of building ventilation systems.5.5 This guide describes methods for comparing environments and does not draw any conclusions relating asbestos surface loadings to the potential safety or habitability of buildings.5.6 This guide does not address risk assessments or the use of dust sampling in risk assessment. Health based risk assessments are beyond the scope of this guide.5.7 Warning—Asbestos fibers are acknowledged carcinogens. Breathing asbestos fibers can result in disease of the lungs including asbestosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma. Precautions should be taken to avoid creating and breathing airborne asbestos particles when sampling and analyzing materials suspected of containing asbestos. Regulatory requirements addressing asbestos are defined by USEPA3,4 and OSHA.51.1 There are multiple purposes for determining the loading of asbestos in dust on surfaces. Each particular purpose may require unique sampling strategies, analytical methods, and procedures for data interpretation. Procedures are provided to facilitate application of available methods for determining asbestos surface loadings and/or asbestos loadings in surface dust for comparison between two environments. At present, this guide addresses one application of the ASTM surface dust methods. It is anticipated that additional areas will be added in the future. It is not intended that the discussion of one application should limit use of the methods in other areas.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 5.7.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This procedure describes a standardized method of processing cellulose wipes in a biosafety level 3 laboratory in order to detect and provide a semi-quantitative estimate of B. anthracis contamination after sampling of non-porous surfaces. Sampling may be conducted to characterize the extent of contamination or for clearance of an area after decontamination.1.1 This test method covers a standardized method of processing cellulose wipes in a biosafety level 3 (BSL3) laboratory in order to detect and provide a semi-quantitative estimate of Bacillus anthracis contamination after sampling of non-porous surfaces. Sampling may be conducted to characterize the extent of the contamination, or for area clearance after decontamination.1.2 The laboratory procedures should be performed in a BSL3 laboratory by those trained for BSL3 microbiological techniques.1.3 This test method is specific to B. anthracis, but could be adapted for use with other organisms.1.4 The interlaboratory study was conducted with cellulose sponge wipes pre-moistened with neutralizing buffer. All reproducibility, sensitivity, and specificity data are based on the performance of these wipes. A review was conducted by subcommittee in 2019, and re-confirmed these ILS data are valid.1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the design and dimensional requirements for metallic, ceramic, and polymeric mating bearing surfaces used in total hip joint prostheses and hip endoprostheses, more specifically, hip joint replacements of the ball-and-socket configuration. This specification covers the sphericity, surface finish requirements, and dimensional tolerances for the following: spherical articulating metallic or ceramic femoral heads of total hip joint prostheses; spherical concave mating surface of metallic and ceramic acetabular components, including the inner polymeric bearing surface of bipolar heads; spherical concave mating surface of polymeric acetabular components; and spherical metallic or ceramic femoral heads of hip endoprostheses, and the outer bearing surface of bipolar heads. This specification, however, does not address the tolerance match between the mating bearing surfaces.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for the mating bearing surfaces of total hip joint prostheses or resurfacing hip devices, intended for total hip arthroplasty; and hip endoprostheses, intended for hemiarthroplasty. More specifically, this specification covers hip joint replacement of the ball-and-socket configuration.1.2 This specification covers the sphericity, surface finish requirements, and dimensional tolerances for the spherical articulating metallic or ceramic femoral heads of total hip joint prostheses.1.3 This specification covers the sphericity, and surface finish requirements for the spherical concave mating surface of metallic and ceramic acetabular components, and the surface finish requirements and dimensional tolerances for the spherical concave mating surface of polymeric acetabular components.1.4 This specification covers the sphericity, surface finish requirements, and dimensional tolerances for the spherical metallic or ceramic femoral heads of hip endoprostheses.1.5 This specification covers the surface finish requirements and dimensional tolerances for the inner polymeric bearing surface of bipolar hip components, and the sphericity and surface finish requirements of the inner metallic or ceramic bearing surface of bipolar hip components; and the sphericity, surface finish requirements, and dimensional tolerances of outer metallic or ceramic bearing surfaces of bipolar hip components of hip endoprostheses.1.6 This specification is intended for standard practice regarding the design of total hip joint bearing surfaces. Additionally, the tolerances imposed on the polymeric portion of the bearing surface are intentionally large due to temperature-induced size changes and other manufacturing concerns. Some manufacturing methods or designs may intentionally reduce the diameter of the polymeric bearing to more closely mate with the diameter of the head.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This test method gives an indication of the relative wear resistance of mortar and concrete based on testing of cored or fabricated specimens. This test method has been successfully used in the quality control of highway and bridge concrete subject to traffic. Primarily intended for use on the top ends of 152-mm [6-in.] diameter concrete cores, mortar specimens, or other samples of concrete of insufficient test area to permit the conduct of tests by Test Method C418 or C779/C779M, this test method is also applicable on concrete surfaces in place by measuring the abrasion loss as described in Section 10, Procedure B, of Test Method C779/C779M.AbstractThis test method covers the procedure for determining the abrasion resistance of either concrete or mortar surfaces using the rotating-cutter method. The method involves an abrasion device, a rotating cutter, a balance and a leveling plate. The surface description, size, and finish type of the specimen, as well as the concrete compaction, age, and strength; applied surface treatment; abrasion time; load used; depth of wear; mass loss; and abrasion time are reported. This test method has been successfully used in the quality control of highway and bridge concrete subject to traffic.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining the resistance of either concrete or mortar to abrasion. This test method is similar to Procedure B of Test Method C779/C779M.1.2 The values stated in SI units or inch–pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 CFMEs are used to measure skid resistance on runways, roads, and various other trafficked surfaces. These tests may comprise operational testing, performed to obtain an immediate assessment of skid resistance in current conditions or routine testing in standardized conditions which include the application of a precise amount of water in front of the test tire.5.2 Standard test speeds and nominal water film thicknesses are according to national or international agency standards, the type of CFME, and the test application. Some examples of typical applications are given in Appendix X1.1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the skid resistance of a pavement or other trafficked surface using the continuous reading, fixed-slip technique.1.2 This test method covers braked wheel measurements obtained with less than 100 % slip. It does not cover side force measurements.1.3 This test method provides a record of the skid resistance along the whole length of one track of the test surface and enables averages to be obtained for specified test segments.1.4 This test method is used to measure skid resistance on a wide variety of surfaces in a wide variety of circumstances. Consequently, there are many different designs of continuous reading, fixed-slip measuring equipment (CFME) and as many different test procedures governing their use.1.5 This test method does not attempt to detail these different equipment and procedures but does set out the essential common principles.1.6 CFMEs function by creating and measuring a frictional force between a test tire operating at a selected slip and the test surface. Different types of CFME do not necessarily create the same frictional force between their particular test tire and a common test surface and do not necessarily use the same method to measure this frictional force.1.7 CFME measurements are obtained at a selected steady test speed. This speed may vary according to the application.1.8 The test surface may be contaminated or clean and dry. If it is clean and dry, a measured amount of water is normally deposited on the surface just in front of the test wheel.1.9 The measuring apparatus may be built into a vehicle, built into a trailer that is towed by a vehicle, or built into a device that is manually pushed.1.10 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.1.11 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Safety precautionary information is contained in Section 7.1.12 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The appearance of the various degrees of dry and wet abrasive blast cleaning, hand and power tool cleaning, and water jetting are influenced by the initial rust grades of the steel being cleaned and/or the type and condition of the coating on the existing steel. The standards and guides aid visually in judging and evaluating the degree of rusting and/or paint deterioration before cleaning and the degree of cleaning of steel surfaces prior to painting.4.2 Five methods have evolved because of differences in the practice of using visual standards and guides throughout the world, and the method of surface preparation employed. In Europe, the visual standards (Method A) are used as the primary means of assessing the degree of cleaning. In the U.S., the SSPC written definitions take precedence with the visual guides and reference photographs used as a supplement. The visual guides and reference photographs of Methods B, C, and D conform to the SSPC written definitions. There are written definitions for Method E, however, the visual guide for Method E does not contain a complete set of pictorials corresponding to each surface cleanliness definition.1.1 The visual surface preparation guides and standards consist of a series of color prints available as separate publications. Five different sets of photographs are described in this standard, designated as Method A (ISO/Swedish Standard2) and Methods B through E (SSPC Guides and Reference Photographs3). The methods differ in the depiction of the initial surface, in the definition and depiction of the cleaning conditions, and in the number of cleaning methods included. Because of these differences, the specifier should state which guide to use.1.2 The colored visual surface preparation guides represent different conditions of hot-rolled carbon steel before and after surface preparation. Prior to cleaning, there are four rust grades, A to D, that cover the range from intact mill scale to 100 % rusted and pitted steel. The standards then depict the appearance of the initial conditions after cleaning by one or more methods (for example, dry abrasive blast cleaning) to various degrees of thoroughness. In addition, Method B includes three painted conditions that contain various degrees of deterioration. The Guide3 depicts these conditions after various degrees of dry abrasive blast cleaning. Method C includes four rust grades and three painted conditions that contain various degrees of deterioration. The Guide4 depicts these conditions after various degrees of hand and power tool cleaning. Method D includes two rust grades and four painted conditions that contain various degrees of deterioration. The Guide5 depicts these conditions after various degrees of water jetting, with three levels of flash rusting. Method E includes two rust grades. The Guide6 depicts these conditions after various degrees of wet abrasive blast cleaning, with three levels of flash rusting.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This test method can be used to evaluate the effect of mixture proportioning, surface treatment, curing, or other variables on resistance to scaling.This test method is not intended to be used in determining the durability of aggregates or other ingredients of the concrete.No relationship has been established between the frost immunity of specimens cut from hardened concrete and specimens prepared in the laboratory.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance to scaling of a horizontal concrete surface exposed to freezing-and-thawing cycles in the presence of deicing chemicals. It is intended for use in evaluating this surface resistance qualitatively by visual examination.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 This practice is applicable to non-chromate coatings that are colorless, colored, electrochemically applied or non-electrochemically applied. The zinc or cadmium, or both, may be electrodeposited, mechanically deposited, hot-dipped, rolled, or in the form of castings.4.2 Because of variables inherent in the salt-spray test which may differ from one test cabinet to another, interpretation of test results for compliance with expected performance should be specified by the purchaser.4.3 Properties such as thickness, color, luster, and ability to provide good paint adhesion are not covered in this practice, nor are the chemical composition and the method of application of these finishes.1.1 This practice covers a procedure for evaluating the protective value of chemical and electrochemical conversion coatings produced by non-chromate (chromate being defined as a compound that has chromium in the plus six oxidation state, and as such, chromium compounds in other oxidation states, such as plus three, shall not be excluded) treatments of zinc and cadmium surfaces.1.2 The protective value of a non-chromate coating is usually determined by salt-spray test and by determining whether or not the coating possesses adequate abrasion resistance when applied for that purpose.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This method may be useful in assuring conformance of a prepared surface to profile requirements specified by the manufacturer of a protective coating.5.2 This method includes determination of the peak density (number of profile peaks in a specified distance). Some workers in the field believe that optimizing peak height and peak density can improve coating adhesion.5.3 This method allows specifiers to objectively define surface texture after abrasive blast cleaning rather than using subjective terms such as “angular pattern” or “dense and uniform pattern.”5.4 Because implicit and explicit definitions of “roughness” may differ substantially, numerical characterizations of profile cannot be compared directly across different methods.1.1 This test method describes a shop or field procedure for determination of roughness characteristics of surfaces prepared for painting by abrasive blasting. The procedure uses a portable skidded or non-skidded stylus profile tracing instrument. The measured characteristics are: Rt and Rpc. Additional measures of profile height (Rmax and/or Rz) may also be obtained as agreed upon by purchaser and seller. (The digitally-determined profile parameters Rt, Rmax, Ry and Rzlmax are extremely similar in definition.)1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 In general, this method should be limited to the measurement of surface roughness where Rt is in the range 10 to 150 μm (0.4 to 6 mil) and where the Peak Count, Rpc is less than 180 peaks/cm (450 peaks/in.).1.4 SSPC standard SSPC-PA 17 provides additional guidance for determining conformance with surface profile requirements.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This guide describes procedures that can be used to prepare new zinc-coated surfaces for painting and improve the bond of paint to the zinc surface.1.1 This guide covers surface cleaning and various methods for treating new, continuous zinc-coated (galvanized) steel surfaces produced by either the hot-dip method or by electroplating. This guide is applicable to only surface preparation for application of liquid paint and coating products, and not for powder coating applications. This guide covers surfaces that have not been treated previously at the mill to provide temporary protection against staining by moisture other than by easily removed protective oils (see Appendix X1). For preparing surfaces of new or weathered items of zinc-coated steel produced by batch processing, refer to Practice D6386.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This practice provides a standard approach to measuring particle deposition, or fallout, in cleanrooms and other controlled environments. It is based on the use of a witness surface to collect particles that deposit from the surrounding environment and subsequently sizing and counting the particles by conventional methods. Several options are introduced, with limitations and guidelines for selecting the best choice for the intended application.5.2 This practice is applicable across numerous industries including aerospace, microelectronics, and pharmaceuticals.1.1 This practice is intended to assist in the selection, preparation, exposure, and analysis of witness surfaces for the purpose of characterizing particle deposition rates in cleanrooms and associated controlled environments, particularly for aerospace applications.1.2 Requirements may be defined in terms of particle size distribution and count, percent area coverage, or product performance criteria such as optical transmission or scatter. Several choices for witness surfaces are provided.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车