定价： 975元 / 折扣价： 829 元

定价： 819元 / 折扣价： 697 元

定价： 605元 / 折扣价： 515 元 加购物车

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元 加购物车

4.1 All three tests may be used for product design qualification.4.2 This specification covers the minimum electrical, chemical, and physical properties designated by the manufacturer and the detailed procedures by which such properties are to be determined. The purchaser has the option to perform or have performed any of these tests and may reject equipment that fails to meet the standard criteria. Claims concerning failure to meet the specification are subject to verification by the manufacturer.4.3 Plastic guard equipment is used for protection against accidental brush contact by the worker. A margin of safety shall be provided between the maximum voltage at which they are used and the proof-test voltage at which they are tested. This relationship is shown in Table 1 and Table 2. The equipment is designed only for phase-to-ground or covered phase-to-covered-phase exposure.NOTE 1: Rubber insulating equipment is realistically limited to Class 4 material in the design specification standards. Plastic guard equipment has been designed to go beyond these voltages and provide a satisfactory degree of worker protection. Major differences exist in use criteria between the rubber and the plastic guard equipment. Each glove, sleeve, or other article of rubber insulating equipment has a given safety factor for the phase to phase voltage on which it may be used and the class or proof voltage at which it is tested. Plastic guard equipment, however, is designed to provide a satisfactory safety factor only when used in a phase-to-ground exposure. If exposure is phase-to-phase, then a satisfactory safety factor is only provided if the exposure is covered-phase-to-covered-phase.4.4 Work practices vary from user to user, dependent upon many factors. These may include, but are not limited to, operating system voltages, construction design, work procedure techniques, weather conditions, etc. Therefore, except for the restrictions set forth in this specification because of design limitations, the use and maintenance of this equipment is beyond the scope of this specification.4.5 It is common practice and the responsibility of the user of this type of protective equipment to prepare complete instructions and regulations to govern in detail the correct and safe use of such equipment.1.1 These test methods cover three electrical tests on plastic guards and assembled guard systems. They are:1.1.1 Method A—Withstand voltage proof test,1.1.2 Method B—Flashover voltage, and1.1.3 Method C—Leakage current.1.1.4 This specification covers plastic guard equipment and guard systems used by workers for temporary insulation on electric power circuits.1.1.5 Plastic guard equipment covered by this specification is rated for momentary, or brush contact only. Maximum-use voltages are covered in Table 1 and Table 2.(A) Cover-up materials are tested at values greater than the maximum use phase to ground values. The maximum use phase to phase values relate to guarded phase to guarded phase. The units are not rated for bare phase to guarded phase potentials.(A) Cover-up materials are tested at values greater than the maximum use phase to ground values. The maximum use phase to phase values relate to guarded phase to guarded phase. The units are not rated for bare phase to guarded phase potentials.1.2 These test methods cover, but are not limited to, the following typical guards:1.2.1 Conductor Guards and Connecting Covers as follows: 1.2.1.1 Line guards,1.2.1.2 Line guard connectors,1.2.1.3 Insulator covers,1.2.1.4 Dead-end covers,1.2.1.5 Bus guards, and1.2.1.6 Bus “T” guards.1.2.2 Structure and Apparatus Covers as follows: 1.2.2.1 Pole guards,1.2.2.2 Ridge pin covers,1.2.2.3 Switch blade covers,1.2.2.4 Arm guards,1.2.2.5 Cutout covers,1.2.2.6 Structural barriers, and1.2.2.7 Cross arm guard.1.3 It is common practice for the user of this equipment to prepare instructions for the correct use and maintenance.1.4 The use and maintenance of this equipment is beyond the scope of these test methods.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification covers nonmetallic semi-conducting and electrically insulating rubber tapes designed for the splicing and repair of electrical wire and cables operating at specified phase to phase voltages. The tapes, which are classified into five types (Types I, II, III, IV, and V), shall conform to physical property requirements such as tensile strength, elongation at break, dielectric strength, dissipation factor, permittivity, volume resistivity, behavior during fusion test, ozone resistance, heat exposure, and UV resistance.1.1 This specification covers nonmetallic semi-conducting and electrical insulating tapes designed for the splicing and repair of electrical wire and cables operating at voltages up to 325 kV, phase to phase.1.2 The SI values are the standard. The values stated in inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information purposes only.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 With the increased use of geomembranes as a barrier material to restrict liquid migration from one location to another, a need has been created for standardized tests by which the continuity of the installed geomembrane, including the seams, can be evaluated. This practice is intended to meet such a need whenever the subgrade soil is nonconductive, or a geomembrane is installed on a nonconductive material.5.2 The use of a suitably conductive geotextile installed between a nonconductive soil or material and the geomembrane will permit electrical leak location survey to be conducted.5.3 The compatibility of a conductive geotextile and leak location equipment shall be assessed for each leak location technique considered (covered or exposed, when applicable). A realistic small-scale test shall have been conducted by the supplier of geotextile and/or leak detection equipment to demonstrate their mutual compatibility for a given leak detection technique.1.1 This standard practice describes standard procedures for using a conductive geotextile with electrical methods to locate leaks in exposed geomembranes and geomembranes covered with water or earth materials containing moisture.1.2 This standard practice provides guidance for the use of appropriate conductive geotextile used in leak location surveys on geomembranes. This guide includes all types of conductive geotextiles with sufficient conductivity for the particular electrical leak location method. A conductive geotextile is applicable to all types of geoelectric surveys when there is otherwise not a conductive layer under the geomembrane.1.3 This standard practice is intended to ensure that leak location surveys can always be performed with a reasonable level of certainty. This standard practice provides guidance for the use of appropriate conductive geotextiles used in leak location surveys on geomembranes.1.4 Leak location surveys can be used on nonconductive geomembranes installed in basins, ponds, tanks, ore and waste pads, landfill cells, landfill caps, other containment facilities, and building applications such as in parking garages, decks, and green roofs. The procedures are applicable for geomembranes made of nonconductive materials such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, bituminous material, and other electrically insulating materials. Leak location surveys involving conductive or partially conductive geomembranes are not within the scope of this document.1.5 Warning—The electrical methods used for geomembrane leak location could use high voltages, resulting in the potential for electrical shock or electrocution. This hazard might be increased because operations might be conducted in or near water. In particular, a high voltage could exist between the water or earth material and earth ground, or any grounded conductor. These procedures are potentially VERY DANGEROUS, and can result in personal injury or death. Because of the high voltage that could be involved, and the shock or electrocution hazard, do not come in electrical contact with any leak unless the excitation power supply is turned off. The electrical methods used for geomembrane leak location should be attempted only by qualified and experienced personnel. Appropriate safety measures must be taken to protect the leak location operators as well as other people at the site.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 260元 / 折扣价： 221 元 加购物车

This specification covers electrically insulating plastic guard equipment and guard systems for temporary insulation on electric power circuits. Typical plastic guard equipments include, but are not limited to, line guards, line guard connectors, insulator covers, dead end covers, bus guards, bus “T” guards, pole guards, ridge pin covers, switch-blade covers, arm guards, cutout covers, and cross arm guard. Materials for guards shall conform to the specified impact strength, water absorption, dielectric strength, flame retardancy, dimensions, workmanship, finish, appearance, marking, and packaging.1.1 This specification covers plastic guard equipment and guard systems used by workers for temporary insulation on electric power circuits.1.2 Plastic guard equipment covered by this specification is rated for momentary, or brush contact only. Maximum-use voltages are covered in Annex A1.1.3 Typical guards covered include, but are not limited to, the following:1.3.1 Conductor guards and connecting covers as follows:1.3.1.1 Line guards,1.3.1.2 Line guard connectors,1.3.1.3 Insulator covers,1.3.1.4 Dead end covers,1.3.1.5 Bus guards, and1.3.1.6 Bus "T" guards.1.3.2 Structure and apparatus covers as follows:1.3.2.1 Pole guards,1.3.2.2 Ridge pin covers,1.3.2.3 Switch-blade covers,1.3.2.4 Arm guards,1.3.2.5 Cutout covers, and1.3.2.6 Cross arm guard.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

5.1 Eddy current methods are used for nondestructively locating and characterizing discontinuities and geometric property variations in magnetic or nonmagnetic electrically conducting materials. Conformable eddy current sensor arrays permit examination of planar and non-planar materials but usually require suitable fixtures to hold the sensor array near the surface of the material of interest, such as a layer of foam behind the sensor array along with a rigid support structure.5.2 In operation, the sensor arrays are standardized with measurements in air or a reference part, or both. Responses measured from the sensor array may be converted into physical property values, such as lift-off, electrical conductivity, or magnetic permeability, or a combination thereof. Proper instrument operation is verified by ensuring that these measurement responses or property values are within a prescribed range. Performance verification is performed periodically. Performance verification on a discontinuity-free reference standard or regions of the material being examined that do not contain discontinuities ensures that the electrical and geometric properties, such as electrical conductivity, layer thickness, or lift-off, or a combination thereof, are appropriate for the sensor array. Performance verification on a discontinuity-containing reference standard ensures that the sensor array response to the discontinuity is appropriate.5.3 The sensor array dimensions, including the size and number of sense elements, and the operating frequency are selected based on the type of examination being performed. The depth of penetration of eddy currents into the material under examination depends upon the frequency of the signal, the electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability of the material, and some dimensions of the sensor array. The depth of penetration is equal to the conventional skin depth at high frequencies but is also related to the sensor array dimensions at low frequencies, such as the size of the drive winding and the gap distance between the drive winding and sense element array. For surface-breaking discontinuities on the surface adjacent to the sensor array, high frequencies should be used where the penetration depth is less than the thickness of the material under examination. For subsurface discontinuities or wall thickness measurements, lower frequencies and larger sensor dimensions should be used so that the depth of penetration is comparable to the material thickness.5.4 Insulating layers or coatings may be present between the sensor array and the surface of the electrically conducting material under examination. The sensitivity of a measurement to a discontinuity generally decreases as the coating thickness or lift-off, or both, increases. For eddy current sensor arrays having a linear drive conductor and a linear array of sense elements, the spacing between the drive conductor and the array of sense elements should be smaller than or comparable to the thickness of the insulating coating. For other array formats the depth of sensitivity should be verified empirically.5.5 Models for the sensor response may be used to convert responses measured from the sensor array into physical property values, such as lift-off, electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, coating thickness, or substrate thickness, or a combination thereof. For determining two property values, one operational frequency can be used. For nonmagnetic materials and examination for crack-like discontinuities, the lift-off and electrical conductivity should be determined. For magnetic materials, when the electrical conductivity can be measured or assumed constant, then the lift-off and magnetic permeability should be determined. The thickness can only be determined if a sufficiently low excitation frequency is used where the depth of sensitivity is greater than the material thickness of interest. For determining more than two property values, measurements at operating conditions having at least two depths of penetration should be used; these different depths of penetration can be achieved by using multiple operational frequencies or multiple spatial wavelengths.5.6 Processing of the measurement response or property value data may be performed to highlight the presence of discontinuities, to reduce background noise, and to characterize detected discontinuities. As an example, a correlation filter can be applied in which a reference signature response for a discontinuity is compared to the measured responses for each sensor array element to highlight discontinuity-like defects. Care must be taken to properly account for the effect of interferences such as edges and coatings on such signatures.5.7 The measurement and analysis methods described in this guide can also be applied to applications where the sensor array is mounted against a surface or embedded within the material being examined. In that situation the sensor array response is monitored over a period of time instead of the scanning the sensor array over a specific location. This leads to the horizontal axes for the B-scans and C-scans to correspond to time or some other input associated with the test such as the number of loading cycles.1.1 This guide covers the use of conformable eddy current sensor arrays for nondestructive examination of electrically conducting materials for discontinuities and material quality. The discontinuities include surface breaking and subsurface cracks and pitting as well as near-surface and hidden-surface material loss. The material quality includes coating or layer thickness, electrical conductivity, magnetic permeability, surface roughness, and other properties that vary with the electrical conductivity or magnetic permeability.1.2 This guide is intended for use on nonmagnetic and magnetic metals as well as composite materials with an electrically conducting component, such as reinforced carbon-carbon composite or polymer matrix composites with carbon fibers.1.3 This guide applies to planar as well as non-planar materials with and without insulating coating layers.1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The electrical behavior of rubber products used in particular applications is important for a variety of reasons such as safety, static changes, current transmission, etc. This test method is useful in predicting the behavior of such rubber products.1.1 This test method covers the determination of volume resistivity of rubbers used in electrically conductive and antistatic products.1.2 This test method assumes that the surface conductivity is negligible compared with the conductivity through the specimen.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification prescribes the function and performance criteria, and acceptance testing for electrically insulating aprons for the protection of workers from incidental contact with live electrical apparatus or circuits. Three types of aprons are provided and are designated as follows: Type I, made from properly vulcanized high-grade cis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber compound of natural or synthetic origin that are non-resistant to ozone; Type II, made of any elastomer or combination of elastomeric compounds that are resistant to ozone; and Type III, made of any combination of elastomer and thermoplastic polymers that are elastic in nature and resistant to ozone. Six classes of insulating aprons, designated as Class 00, 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, are assigned according to electrical characteristics. Aprons shall be tested for their conformance with specified chemical, physical, and electrical requirements.1.1 This specification covers the acceptance testing of electrically insulating aprons for the protection of workers from incidental contact with live electrical apparatus or circuits.1.2 The objective of this specification is to prescribe function and performance criteria for insulating aprons that meet a minimum level of electrically insulating and physical performance characteristics.1.3 Three types of aprons are provided and are designated as Type I, non-resistant to ozone, Type II and Type III, resistant to ozone.1.4 Six classes of insulating aprons, differing in electrical characteristics, are provided and are designated as Class 00, Class 0, Class 1, Class 2, Class 3, and Class 4.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This practice covers the procedure for sorting electrically conductive materials using the thermoelectric method, which is based on the seebeck effect. The procedure relates to the use of direct- and comparator-type thermoelectric instruments for distinguishing variations in materials which affect the thermoelectric properties of those materials. The two techniques that are primarily used in thermoelectric sorting are direct and comparative instrumentation. In the direct instruments, equipment is standardized by placing materials with known chemistry and metallurgical structure in the test system. In the comparative instruments, the thermoelectric response of the test piece is compared with that of a known standard(s) and the response indicates whether the piece is within the acceptance limits. The electronic apparatus shall be capable of maintaining a sufficient temperature differential across the electrodes to produce a suitable thermoelectric voltage. The different procedures for sorting electrically conductive materials are presented in details.1.1 This practice covers the procedure for sorting materials using the thermoelectric method, which is based on the Seebeck effect. The procedure relates to the use of direct- and comparator-type thermoelectric instruments for distinguishing variations in materials which affect the thermoelectric properties of those materials.1.2 While the practice is most commonly applied to the sorting of metals, it may be applied to other electrically conductive materials.1.3 Thermoelectric sorting may also be applied to the sorting of materials on the basis of plating thickness, case depth, and hardness.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 The physical and electrical properties, including break strength, elongation, dielectric strength, dissipation factor, permittivity, fusion, etc., will vary with temperature and moisture content. Control the temperature and moisture content of the sample for these test methods to yield consistent and reproducible results.1.1 These test methods cover the methods and procedures for testing electrically insulating and semi-conducting rubber tapes designed for splicing, terminating, and sheath repair of electrical wire and cable.1.2 The test methods appear in the following sections:  SectionReferenced Documents 2Conditioning 5 – 6Dielectric Strength 35 – 40Dimensions 11 – 16Dissipation Factor 22 – 26Elongation 17 – 21Heat Exposure 46 – 49Fusion 7 – 10Ozone Resistance 41 – 45Permittivity 22 – 26Sample Requirements 4Tensile Strength 17 – 21Volume Resistivity 27 – 34Ultraviolet and Weather Resistance 50 – 541.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.NOTE 1: There is no IEC equivalent to these methods.1.4 Unless otherwise stated, measurements are made on tapes from which the removable separator has been removed.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statement see 43.1.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车