4.1 Individuals will be initially or concurrently trained in accordance with U.S. D.O.T. Course Guide for First Responders4 and Guide F1453.4.2 This guide does not suggest a particular training sequence.4.3 This guide may be used by individuals developing training programs for non-traditional EMS environments.4.4 This guide acknowledges the need to provide additional specific training for first responders who will practice in the wilderness, delayed or prolonged transport settings.4.5 Individuals responsible for training first responders should identify those who will practice in the wilderness, delayed or prolonged transport settings and must ensure that such personnel are competent in all skills needed for the unique settings.1.1 This guide covers minimum training standards for first responders who may care for sick or injured persons in the specialized pre-hospital situations of the wilderness, delayed, or prolonged transport settings, including catastrophic disasters.1.2 This guide establishes supplemental or continuing education programs that will be taught to individuals trained to the first responder level by an appropriate authority.1.3 This guide does not provide training to be used, ordinarily, in the traditional EMS or ambulance transportation environments.1.4 Included in this guide is a standard for the evaluation of the knowledge and skills defined within this guide.1.5 Successful completion of a course based on this guide neither constitutes nor implies certification or licensure.1.6 This guide does not establish medical protocols, nor does it authorize invasive procedures without specific authorization and medical control.1.7 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.8 Operating within the framework of this guide may expose personnel to hazardous materials or environments, procedures, and equipment or all of these.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

定价： 390元 / 折扣价： 332 元

4.1 This guide is for those responsible for the development and implementation of training and evaluation programs for first responders (FRs).4.2 At the beginning of the program, students shall be informed of the course objectives and requirements for successful completion.4.3 This guide is not intended for use as a training guide for emergency ambulance personnel.1.1 This guide covers the minimum training standards for First Responders (FRs) who may be responsible for the initial care of sick and injured persons of all ages in the prehospital environment.1.2 The scope of training will be in accordance with Guide F1287.1.3 Included in this guide is a standard for knowledge and skill evaluation.1.4 This guide does not suggest a particular training sequence.1.5 Operating within the framework of this guide may expose emergency medical service personnel to hazardous materials, procedures and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see the documents cited in 2.2.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

定价： 468元 / 折扣价： 398 元 加购物车

5.1 The procedures in this practice should be used for in vivo evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of drug products applied topically to the skin that are intended to help prevent infection in minor cuts, scrapes and burns.5.1.1 This practice is applicable for testing liquids, ointments, powders, films, or dressings, containing or impregnated with an antimicrobial agent, for their effect to reduce an enhanced skin microflora or their effects to suppress the growth of the skin flora, or both.1.1 The tests described in this practice are designed to evaluate antimicrobial agents in formulations intended for use as first aid antiseptic products for their ability to reduce or suppress the growth, or both, of the skin microflora.1.2 A knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for these procedures.1.3 Performance of this procedure requires the knowledge of regulations pertaining to the protection of human subjects. (See CFR Parts 50 and 56.)1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

1.1 This test method evaluates the flexural performance of toughness parameters derived from fiber-reinforced concrete in terms of areas under the load-deflection curve obtained by testing a simply supported beam under third-point loading. Note 1-Toughness determined in terms of areas under the load-deflection curve is an indication of the energy absorption capability of the particular test specimen, and, consequently, its magnitude depends directly on the geometrical characteristics of the test specimen and the loading system. 1.2 This test method provides for the determination of a number of ratios called toughness indices that identify the pattern of material behavior up to the selected deflection criteria. These indices are determined by dividing the area under the load-deflection curve up to a specified deflection criterion, by the area up to the deflection at which first crack is deemed to have occurred. Residual strength factors that represent the average post-crack load retained over a specific deflection interval as a percentage of the load at first crack are derived from these indices. Note 2-Index values may be increased by preferential alignment of fibers parallel to the longitudinal axis of the beam caused by fiber contact with the mold surfaces or by external vibration. However, index values appear to be independent of geometrical specimen and testing variables, such as span length, which do not directly affect fiber alignment. 1.3 This test method provides for the determination of the first-crack flexural strength using the load corresponding to the point on the load-deflection curve defined in 3.1.1 as first crack, and the formula for modulus of rupture given in Test Method C78. 1.4 Values of flexural toughness and first-crack flexural strength stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. Values of toughness indices and residual strength factors are independent of the system of units used to measure load and deflection. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 This guide is intended for non-law enforcement first responders facing increased exposure to scenes of violence where firearms or stabbing weapons may be used.4.2 The use and wear conditions are different than for law enforcement, requiring specialized guidance on types of body armor and their limitations, levels of protection, threat assessment, use and care, compatibility with other required protective gear, and training.1.1 This guide provides information to non-law enforcement first responders for the selection and use of body armor.1.2 Non-law enforcement first responders, including but not limited to fire fighters, emergency medical service providers, fire investigators, and civilian/community response teams, require specialized guidance on types of body armor and their limitations, levels of protection, threat assessment, use and care, compatibility with other required protective gear, and training.1.3 This guide is directed to authorities having jurisdiction (AHJs) and all non-law enforcement first responders and their agency or department leadership.1.4 This guide is not intended for law enforcement and corrections personnel.NOTE 1: See NIJ SAG 0101.06.1.5 This guide is divided into the following sections:      Section Title1 2 Referenced Documents3 Terminology4 5 Managing a Body Armor Program6 Understanding Protection Levels7 Selecting the Appropriate Body Armor8 Sizing Body Armor to the End User(s)9 Guidance on Purchasing10 Verifying that Your Body Armor is NIJ Certified11 Fit, Coverage, and Wear Guidance12 Fire Fighter Guidance for Body Armor Use with Turnout Gear13 Inspection, Care, and Maintenance14 KeywordsAnnex A1 Risk Assessment GuidanceAppendix X1 Body Armor Program Management GuidanceAppendix X2 Comparison of NIJ Ballistic Protection LevelsAppendix X3 General Federal Government Grant Programs   1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.1.6.1 The user of this standard will identify the system of units to be used, and it is critical to ensure that any cross-referenced standards maintain consistency of units between standards.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 646元 / 折扣价： 550 元 加购物车

4.1 The purpose of this guide is to improve the quality of initial emergency medical care provided to the sick and injured. As the first trained person at an emergency medical scene, it is critical that the first responder be proficient in providing patient care and minimizing further complications until more highly trained emergency medical service personnel intervene.4.2 In identifying these minima, the guide acknowledges many types of first responder emergency medical care courses of study. This guide allows and encourages the addition of optional knowledge, skill, and attitudinal objectives. Programs such as those for law enforcement, firefighters, and ski patrol are examples of this diversity meeting specific local community needs.4.3 This guide is intended to assist those who are responsible for defining the scope of performance for first responders.4.4 This guide is not intended to be used as a scope of performance for emergency ambulance personnel (see Practice F1031).1.1 This guide covers minimum requirements for the scope of performance of first responders who may be responsible for the initial care of sick and injured persons of all ages in the prehospital environment.1.2 This guide includes objectives based on an individual's acquired knowledge, including signs and symptoms; patient assessment; basic life support/cardiopulmonary resuscitation (BLS/CPR); bleeding and shock; injuries to the skull, spine, chest, abdomen, and extremities; moving patients; medical and environmental emergencies; triage; gaining access; and hazardous situations that the first responder may encounter.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

Currently, no one body of work exists that contains a comprehensive standard for defining the performance standards for personnel that are initial responders to illness and injury in the occupational setting. Whereby several corporate, state, and national organizations have developed training curricula, no independent consensus standard establishes a national minimum requirement. This guide allows the determination of course equivalency and provides a mechanism to assess regulatory compliance.This guide is intended to be consistent with the National EMS Education and Practice Blueprint, thus the first aid provider in an occupational setting in this guide is defined as in 3.1.2. This individual uses a limited amount of equipment to perform initial assessment and intervention while awaiting arrival of EMS.The goal of this guide is to provide program developers, institutions teaching first aid courses, consumers of these courses, and regulatory agency personnel who review or approve courses, or both, the essential elements of what is considered safe, helpful, and effective first aid training. The focus and training is similar and, in some cases, largely identical to those standards developed by the National Guidelines for First Aid Training in Occupational Settings (NGFATOS) developed by the NGFATOS consensus group referenced in Section 2.1.1 This guide covers the minimum requirements needed to train a student to assess and manage illness and injury prior to: (1) notification, arrival, or treatment by traditional EMS agencies, or combination thereof, or (2) management of a minor emergency medical incident instead of an EMS response.1.2 This guide also recommends minimum instructor qualifications, program logistics, and medical oversight considerations.1.3 This guide does not delineate a new level of formalized education for prehospital medical provision. This guide does not replace or decrease the need for appropriate agencies to seek state or national licensure or certification as an First Responder or Emergency Medical Technician (Basic, Intermediate, or Paramedic).1.4 Content and skills appropriate to the first aid provider's scope of care and specific to the hazards or risks of particular industries and occupations may be added by program developers, instructors, and employers. These changes should be consistent with the intent and design of this guide.

定价： 0元 / 折扣价： 0 元

4.1 This guide is intended to expand the scope of the practice of first responders and improve the emergency medical care delivered to patients in the wilderness or delayed or prolonged transport settings.4.2 This guide does not suggest a particular performance sequence.4.3 Individuals will be trained initially or concurrently in accordance with the U.S. DOT HS 900-25, Course Guide, and Guide F1453.4.4 This guide may be used by individuals who develop training programs for nontraditional EMS environments.4.5 This guide acknowledges the need for additional or specific training required for the wilderness or delayed or prolonged transport settings.1.1 This guide covers minimum performance requirements for first responders who may initially provide care for sick or injured persons in the specialized pre-hospital situations of the wilderness or delayed or prolonged transport settings, including catastrophic disasters.1.2 Individuals who will operate in the wilderness or delayed or prolonged transport settings need to be aware of the physical requirements necessary to be able to perform all identified objectives and necessary skills required for the setting.1.3 This guide establishes supplemental or continuing education programs that will be taught to individuals trained to the first responder level by an appropriate authority.1.4 This guide does not establish performance standards for use in the traditional emergency medical services (EMS) or ambulance transportation environment.1.5 This guide does not establish medical protocols; nor does it authorize invasive procedures without specific authorization and medical control.1.6 Successful completion of a course based on this guide does not constitute or imply certification or licensure.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车