A written test method is subjected to an ILS to evaluate its performance. The ILS produces a set of statistical estimates that depend upon the method, but also are influenced by the laboratories and test materials involved in the study. For that reason, the ILS task group must interpret these estimates, aided by this guide and using analytical judgment, to decide if the method is suitable to be balloted for publication as a standard. The task group may use this guide to help them prepare the precision and bias statements that are a required part of the method.1.1 This guide covers procedures to help a task group interpret interlaboratory study (ILS) statistics to state precision and accuracy of a test method and make judgments concerning its range of use.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification establishes baseline performance requirements and additional optional capabilities for handheld point chemical vapor detectors (HPCVD) intended for homeland security applications. It provides HPCVD designers, manufacturers, integrators, procurement personnel, end users/practitioners, and responsible authorities a common set of parameters to match capabilities and user needs. The document specifies chemical detection performance requirements, system requirements, environmental requirements, manuals and documentation, product marking, and packaging.1.1 General: 1.1.1 This document presents baseline performance requirements and additional optional capabilities for handheld point chemical vapor detectors (HPCVD) for homeland security applications. This document is one of several that describe chemical vapor detectors (for example, handheld and stationary) and chemical detection capabilities including: chemical vapor hazard detection, identification, and quantification. An HPCVD is capable of detecting and alarming when exposed to chemical vapors that pose a risk as defined by the Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals (AEGL).1.1.2 This document provides the HPCVD baseline requirements, including performance, system, environmental, and documentation requirements. This document provides HPCVD designers, manufacturers, integrators, procurement personnel, end users/practitioners, and responsible authorities a common set of parameters to match capabilities and user needs.1.1.3 This document is not meant to provide for all uses. Manufacturers, purchasers, and end users will need to determine specific requirements including, but not limited to, use by HAZMAT teams, use in explosive atmospheres, use with personal protective equipment (PPE), use by firefighters and law enforcement officers, special electromagnetic compatibility needs, extended storage periods, and extended mission time. These specific requirements may or may not be generally applicable to all HPCVDs.1.2 Operational Concepts—HPCVDs are used to detect, identify, classify, or quantify, or combinations thereof, chemical vapor hazards that pose 30-min Acute Exposure Guideline Level-2 (AEGL-2) dangers. The HPCVD should not alarm to environmental background chemical vapors and should provide low false positive alarm rates and no false negatives. Uses of an HPCVD include search and rescue, survey, surveillance, sampling, and temporary fixed-site monitoring. An HPCVD should withstand the rigors associated with uses including, but not limited to, high- and low-temperature use and storage conditions; shock and vibration; radio frequency interference; and rapid changes in operating temperature, pressure, and humidity.1.3 HPCVD Chemical Detection Capabilities—Manufacturers document and verify, through testing, the chemical detection capabilities of the HPCVD. Test methods for assessing chemical detection capabilities are available from the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense and are listed in Appendix X3.1.4 HPCVD System and Environmental Properties—Manufacturers document and verify, through testing, the system and environmental properties of the HPCVD. Example test methods for assessing the system and environmental properties are listed in Appendix X4.1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Vapor concentrations of the hazardous materials are presented in parts per million (ppm) as used in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vols 1-9 (see 2.1) and in mg/m3.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers several different types of chemical passivation treatments for stainless steel parts. The treatments are the following: immersion treatment using nitric acid solutions, immersion treatment using citric acid solution, and electrochemical treatment. Immediately after the removal from the passivating solution, the parts shall be thoroughly rinsed, using stagnant, countercurrent, or spray washes, singly or in combination, with or without a separate chemical treatment for neutralization of the passivation media. The chemical reactions of the passivating media on the surface of the stainless steel shall be stopped by rinsing of the stainless steel part, with or without a separate neutralization treatment. A chemical treatment shall be applied which will accelerate the formation of the passive film on a chemically clean stainless steel surface. The passivated parts shall exhibit a chemically clean surface and shall, on visual inspection, show no etching, pitting, or frosting. The following tests shall be performed on each lot of stainless steel parts: water immersion test, high humidity test, salt spray test, copper sulfate test, and potassium ferricyanide-nitric acid test. A free iron test shall be used for the detection of free iron on the surface of stainless steel.1.1 This specification covers several different types of chemical passivation treatments for stainless steel parts. It includes recommendations and precautions for descaling, cleaning, and passivation of stainless steel parts. It includes several alternative tests, with acceptance criteria, for confirmation of effectiveness of such treatments for stainless steel parts.1.2 Practices for the mechanical and chemical treatments of stainless steel surfaces are discussed more thoroughly in Practice A380/A380M.1.3 Several alternative chemical treatments are defined for passivation of stainless steel parts. Appendix X1 and Appendix X2 give some nonmandatory information and provides some general guidelines regarding the selection of passivation treatments appropriate to particular grades of stainless steel. This specification makes no recommendations regarding the suitability of any grade, treatment, or acceptance criteria for any particular application or class of applications.1.4 The tests in this specification are intended to confirm the effectiveness of passivation, particularly with regard to the removal of free iron and other exogenous matter. These tests include the following practices:1.4.1 Practice A—Water Immersion Test,1.4.2 Practice B—High Humidity Test,1.4.3 Practice C—Salt Spray Test,1.4.4 Practice D—Copper Sulfate Test,1.4.5 Practice E—Potassium Ferricyanide-Nitric Acid Test, and1.4.6 Practice F—Damp Cloth Test, and1.4.7 Practice G—Boiling Water Immersion Test.NOTE 1: Free iron denotes iron present on the surface of the parts, including but not limited to iron contamination, iron-tool marks, residual-iron salts from pickling solutions, iron dust, atmospheric exposure, iron deposits in welds, embedded iron, and iron oxide.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The composition and sequential structure of alginate determines the functionality of alginate in an application. For instance, the gelling properties of an alginate are highly dependent upon the monomer composition and sequential structure of the polymer. Gel strength will depend upon the guluronic acid content (FG) and also the average number of consecutive guluronate moieties in G-block structures (NG>1).4.2 Chemical composition and sequential structure of alginate can be determined by 1H- and 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). A general description of NMR can be found in <761> of the USP 35-NF30. The NMR methodology and assignments are based on data published by Grasdalen et al. (1979, 1981, 1983).4, 5, 6 The NMR technique has made it possible to determine the monad frequencies FM (fraction of mannuronate units) and FG (fraction of guluronate units), the four nearest neighboring (diad) frequencies FGG, FMG, FGM, FMM, and the eight next nearest neighboring (triad) frequencies FGGG, FGGM, FMGG, FMGM, FMMM, FMMG, FGMM, FGMG. Knowledge of these frequencies enables number averages of block lengths to be calculated. NG is the number average length of G-blocks, and NG>1 is the number average length of G-blocks from which singlets (-MGM-) have been excluded. Similarly, NM is the number average length of M-blocks, and NM>1 is the number average length of M-blocks from which singlets (-GMG-) have been excluded. 13C NMR must be used to determine the M-centered triads and NM>1. This test method describes only the 1H NMR analysis of alginate. Alginate can be well characterized by determining FG and NG>1.4.3 In order to obtain well-resolved NMR spectra, it is necessary to reduce the viscosity and increase the mobility of the molecules by depolymerization of alginate to a degree of polymerization of about 20 to 50. Acid hydrolysis is used to depolymerize the alginate samples. Freeze-drying, followed by dissolution in 99 % D2O, and another freeze-drying before dissolution in 99.9 % D2O yields samples with low 1H2O content. TTHA is used as a chelator to prevent traces of divalent cations to interact with alginate. While TTHA is a more effective chelator, other agents such as EDTA and citrate may be used. Such interactions may lead to line broadening and selective loss of signal intensity.4.4 Samples are analyzed at a temperature of 80 ± 1°C. Elevated sample temperature contributes to reducing sample viscosity and repositions the proton signal of residual water to an area outside that of interest.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the composition and monomer sequence of alginate intended for use in biomedical and pharmaceutical applications as well as in Tissue Engineered Medical Products (TEMPs) by high-resolution proton NMR (1H NMR). A guide for the characterization of alginate has been published as Guide F2064.1.2 Alginate, a linear polymer composed of β-D-mannuronate (M) and its C-5 epimer α-L-guluronate (G) linked by β-(1—>4) glycosidic bonds, is characterized by calculating parameters such as mannuronate/guluronate (M/G) ratio, guluronic acid content (G-content), and average length of blocks of consecutive G monomers (that is, NG>1 ). Knowledge of these parameters is important for an understanding of the functionality of alginate in TEMP formulations and applications. This test method will assist end users in choosing the correct alginate for their particular application. Alginate may have utility as a scaffold or matrix material for TEMPs, in cell and tissue encapsulation applications, and in drug delivery formulations.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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3.1 These test methods are suitable for determining if impurities are present and establishing that the required pigments are present. These test methods may be used for manufacturing and purchasing quality control.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the qualitative chemical analysis of pigments known commercially as copper phthalocyanine blue and green.1.2 The procedures appear in the following order:  SectionIdentification 5Moisture and Other Volatile Matter 6Detection of Basic Dye Derivatives 7Detection of Other Organic Coloring Matter 8Detection of Ultramarine Blue 9Detection of Iron Blue or Chrome Green 101.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.1.1 These test methods describe the chemical analysis of nickel, cobalt, and high-temperature alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:  Element Composition Range, %    Aluminum   0.005 to 7.00      Beryllium   0.001 to 0.05      Boron   0.001 to 1.00      Calcium   0.002 to 0.05      Carbon   0.001 to 1.10      Chromium   0.10 to 33.00      Cobalt   0.10 to 75.00      Copper   0.01 to 35.00      Iron   0.01 to 50.00      Lead   0.001 to 0.01      Magnesium   0.001 to 0.05      Manganese   0.01 to 3.0      Molybdenum   0.01 to 30.0      Niobium (Columbium)   0.01 to 6.0       Nickel   0.10 to 98.0      Nitrogen   0.001 to 0.20      Phosphorus   0.002 to 0.08      Sulfur   0.002 to 0.10      Silicon   0.01 to 5.00      Tantalum   0.005 to 1.00      Tin   0.002 to 0.10      Titanium   0.01 to 5.00      Tungsten   0.01 to 18.00      Vanadium   0.01 to 3.25      Zinc   0.001 to 0.01      Zirconium   0.01 to 2.50    1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated as follows:Aluminum, Total by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method (0.20 % to 7.00 %) 53 to 60Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.018 % to 1.00 %) 91 to 100Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method (0.10 % to 33.00 %) 101 to 109Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange-Potentiometric Titration Method (2 % to 75 %) 25 to 32Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.10 % to 5.0 %) 33 to 42Copper by Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.010 % to 10.00 %) 43 to 52Iron by the Silver Reduction Titrimetric Method (1.0 % to 50.0 %) 118 to 125Manganese by the Metaperiodate Spectrophotometric Method (0.05 % to 2.00 %) 8 to 17Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange—8-Hydroxyquinoline  Gravimetric Method (1.5 % to 30 %) 110 to 117Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to 1.50 %) 79 to 90Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to 84.0 %) 61 to 68Niobium by the Ion Exchange—Cupferron Gravimetric Method (0.5 % to 6.0 %) 126 to 133Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 5.00 %) 18 to 24Tantalum by the Ion Exchange—Pyrogallol Spectrophotometric Method (0.03 % to 1.0 %) 134 to 142Tin by the Solvent Extraction-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %) 69 to 781.3 Other test methods applicable to the analysis of nickel alloys that may be used in lieu of or in addition to this method are E1019, E1834, E1835, E1917, E1938, E2465, E2594, E2823.1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in 1.1 are too broad to be covered by a single method, and therefore, these test methods contain multiple methods for some elements. The user must select the proper test method by matching the information given in the scope and interference sections of each test method with the composition of the alloy to be analyzed.1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are regarded as standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific caution and hazard statements are given in Section 7 and in 13.4, 15.1.1, 15.1.2, 21.2, 22.3, 57.3, 84.2, 114.5, 115.14, 130.4, 130.5, 138.5, and 138.6.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 These test methods can be used to ensure that the chemical composition of the glass meets the compositional specification required for the finished glass product.3.2 These test methods do not preclude the use of other methods that yield results within permissible variations. In any case, the analyst should verify the procedure and technique employed by means of a National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference material having a component comparable with that of the material under test. A list of standard reference materials is given in the NIST Special Publication 260,3 current edition.3.3 Typical examples of products manufactured using soda-lime silicate glass are containers, tableware, and flat glass.3.4 Typical examples of products manufactured using borosilicate glass are bakeware, labware, and fiberglass.3.5 Typical examples of products manufactured using fluoride opal glass are containers, tableware, and decorative glassware.1.1 These test methods cover the quantitative chemical analysis of soda-lime and borosilicate glass compositions for both referee and routine analysis. This would be for the usual constituents present in glasses of the following types: (1) soda-lime silicate glass, (2) soda-lime fluoride opal glass, and (3) borosilicate glass. The following common oxides, when present in concentrations greater than indicated, are known to interfere with some of the determinations in this method: 2 % barium oxide (BaO), 0.2 % phosphorous pentoxide (P2O5), 0.05 % zinc oxide (ZnO), 0.05 % antimony oxide (Sb2O3), 0.05 % lead oxide (PbO).1.2 The analytical procedures, divided into two general groups, those for referee analysis, and those for routine analysis, appear in the following order:    SectionsProcedures for Referee Analysis:    Silica 10  BaO, R2O2 (Al2O3 + P2O5), CaO, and MgO 11 – 15  Fe2O3, TiO2, ZrO2 by Photometry and Al2O3 by Com-     plexiometric Titration 16 – 22  Cr2O3 by Volumetric and Photometric Methods 23 – 25  MnO by the Periodate Oxidation Method 26 – 29  Na2O by the Zinc Uranyl Acetate Method and K2O by     the Tetraphenylborate Method 30 – 33  SO3 (Total Sulfur) 34 – 35  As2O3 by Volumetric Method 36 – 40     Procedures for Routine Analysis:    Silica by the Single Dehydration Method 42 – 44  Al2O3, CaO, and MgO by Complexiometric Titration,     and BaO, Na2O, and K2O by Gravimetric Method 45 – 51  BaO, Al2O3, CaO, and MgO by Atomic Absorption; and     Na2O and K2O by Flame Emission Spectroscopy 52 – 59  SO3 (Total Sulfur) 60  B2O3 61 – 62  Fluorine by Pyrohydrolysis Separation and Specific Ion     Electrode Measurement 63 – 66  P2O5 by the Molybdo-Vanadate Method 67 – 70  Colorimetric Determination of Ferrous Iron Using 1,10     Phenanthroline 71 – 76     1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These test methods provide accurate and reliable analytical procedures to determine the chemical constituents of limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime (see Note 1). The percentages of specific constituents which determine a material's quality or fitness for use are of significance depending upon the purpose or end use of the material. Results obtained may be used in relation to specification requirements.4.2 Because quicklime and hydrated lime quickly absorb water and carbon dioxide from the air, precision and bias are extremely dependent upon precautions taken during sample preparation and analysis to minimize excessive exposure to ambient conditions.NOTE 1: These test methods can be applied to other calcareous materials if provisions are made to compensate for known interferences.1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-calcium and dolomitic limestone, quicklime, and hydrated lime. These test methods are classified as either standard (preferred) or alternative (optional).1.2 The standard test methods are those that employ classical gravimetric or volumetric analytical procedures and are typically those required for referee analyses where chemical specification requirements are an essential part of contractual agreement between buyer and seller.1.3 Alternative or optional test methods are provided for those who wish to use procedures shorter or more convenient than the standard methods for the routine determinations of certain constituents. Optional test methods may sometimes be preferred to the standard test methods, but frequently the use of modern and expensive instrumentation is indicated which may not be accessible to everyone. Therefore, the use of these test methods must be left to the discretion of each laboratory.1.4 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  Section     Aluminum Oxide  15     Available Lime Index  28     Calcium and Magnesium Oxide:      Alternative EDTA Titration Method  31     Calcium Carbonate Equivalent  33     Calcium Oxide:      Gravimetric Method  16      Volumetric Method  17     Carbon Dioxide by Standard Method  22     Combined Oxides of Iron and Aluminum  12     Ferrous Iron  Appendix X5     Free Calcium Oxide  Appendix X6     Free Moisture in Hydrated Lime  21     Free Moisture in Limestone  20     Free Silica  29     Insoluble Matter Including Silicon Dioxide:      Standard Method   8      Optional Perchloric Acid Method   9     Insoluble Matter Other Than Silicon Dioxide  11     Loss on Ignition  19     Magnesium Oxide  18     Manganese:      Bismuthate Method  Appendix X4      Periodate (Photometric) Method  27     pH Determination of Alkaline Earth Solutions  34     Phosphorus:      Titrimetric Method  Appendix X3      Molybdovanadate Method  26     Silicon Dioxide  10     Strontium Oxide  Appendix X2     Sulfur Trioxide  23     Total Carbon:      Direct Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Cell      Method 32     Total Carbon and Sulfur:      Combustion/Infrared Detection Method  35     Total Iron:      Standard Method, Potassium Dichromate      Titration  13      Potassium Permanganate Titration Method  Appendix X1      Ortho-Phenanthroline, Photometric Method  14     Total Sulfur:      Sodium Carbonate Fusion  24      Combustion-Iodate Titration Method  25      Unhydrated Oxides  301.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific precautionary statements, see 9.3, 10.2.1, 18.4.3, 31.6.4.2, X2.3.1, and X5.4.1.1.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 These test methods are suitable for determining the level of purity and for determining the levels of various impurities. They may be used to establish compliance with specification requirements.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of basic carbonate white lead and basic sulfate white lead.NOTE 1: If it is necessary to separate these pigments from others, refer to Practice D215.1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  Section Preparation of Sample  6Basic Carbonate White Lead:   Small Amounts of Iron  7 Total Lead  8 Moisture and Other Volatile Matter  9 Carbon Dioxide (Evolution Method) 10 Carbon Dioxide and Combined Water (Combustion Method) 11 Lead Carbonate 12 Total Matter Insoluble in Acetic Acid 13 Total Matter Insoluble in Acid Ammonium Acetate 14 Total Impurities Other Than Moisture 15 Coarse Particles 16Basic Sulfate White Lead:   Small Amounts of Iron 17 Total Lead   Moisture and Other Volatile Matter 19 Total Sulfate 20 Zinc Oxide 21 Basic Lead Oxide 22 Total Impurities 23 Coarse Particles 241.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of beryllium metal are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of beryllium having chemical compositions within the following limits:Element Range, %Aluminum  0.05  to 0.30Beryllium     97.5   to 100 Beryllium Oxide  0.3   to 3   Carbon  0.05  to 0.30Copper  0.005 to 0.10Chromium  0.005 to 0.10Iron  0.05  to 0.30Magnesium  0.02  to 0.15Nickel  0.005 to 0.10Silicon  0.02  to 0.151.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections as follows.  SectionsChromium by the Diphenylcarbazide Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.004 % to 0.04 %] 10 – 19Iron by the 1,10-Phenanthroline Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.05 % to 0.25 %] 20 – 29Manganese by the Periodate Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.008 % to 0.04 %] 30 – 39Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.001 % to 0.04 %] 40 – 491.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This guide covers recommendations for the use of chemical dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. This guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis upon which recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered; although, these and other factors are often important in spill response. 1.2 Each on-scene coordinator has available several means of control or cleanup of spilled oil. In this guide, use of chemical dispersants is not to be considered as a last resort after other methods have failed. Chemical dispersants are to be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures. 1.3 This is a general guide only assuming the oil to be dispersable and the dispersant to be effective, available, applied correctly and in compliance with relevant government regulations. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and fuel oils (No. 1 through No. 6). Differences between individual dispersants or between different oils or products are not considered. 1.4 This guide covers one type of habitat, sandy beaches or marshes. Other guides, similar to this one, cover habitats such as rocky shores and marshes. The use of dispersants is considered primarily to protect such habitats from impact (or minimize impacts) and also to clean them after the spill takes place. 1.5 This guide applies to marine and estuarine environments, but not to freshwater environments. 1.6 In making dispersant-use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 The practice can be used to evaluate coupon materials of any composition, insofar as the coupon can be small enough to fit inside filter units mentioned in 4.1.5.2 This practice defines procedures that are quantitative, scalable, rapid, sensitive, and safe, while minimizing labor and addressing statistical confidence (1, 2).5.2.1 Quantitative—The total number of spores per coupon is determined by dilution-plating, and all spores remaining on the coupon are assayed for activity in the extraction tube to provide confidence that all the spores were accounted for.5.2.2 Statistical Confidence—The use of five independent preparations of spore inocula for a statistical n of 5.5.2.3 Sensitivity—Allows for complete detection of all culturable spores inoculated on a coupon, including the spores that remain attached to the coupon.5.2.3.1 The limit of detection is dependent on the culturability of fully matured spores to germinate, outgrow and divide in the presence of the extraction medium (1% tryptic soy broth, 100 mM L-Alanine, 1 mM inosine, 0.05% Tween 80) and/or on tryptic soy agar.5.2.3.2 Results presented in Refs (1, 3) (and currently unpublished results) indicate that these media, combined with the test temperatures and conditions described herein will generate results with a high level of practical confidence for detecting culturable Bacillus spores.5.2.4 Safety—Inoculated coupons are contained within filter units.5.2.5 Simplicity of Testing—Tests and extractions are performed in the same filter unit to minimize coupon handling steps.5.2.6 Scalable and Rapid—A maximum of 36 samples can be processed in 1 h by two technicians; a total of 300 samples have been processed by six technicians in 5 h (1, 2).5.2.7 Wide application for numerous Bacillus species and strains. The method has also been modified and used for vegetative bacteria and viruses as well (1, 2).1.1 This practice is used to quantify the efficacy of liquid or solid decontaminants on Bacillus spores dried on the surface of coupons made from porous and non-porous materials. This practice can distinguish between bactericidal and bacteriostatic chemicals within decontamination mixtures. This is important because many decontaminants contain both reactive compounds and high concentrations of bacteriostatic surfactants. All test samples are directly compared to pre-neutralized controls, un-inoculated negative growth controls, and solution controls on the same day as the test in order to increase practical confidence in the inactivation data.1.2 This procedure should be performed only by those trained in microbiological techniques, are familiar with antimicrobial (sporicidal) agents and the application instructions of the antimicrobial products.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The results obtained by these test methods should serve as a guide in, but not as the sole basis for, selection of a chemical-resistant material for a particular application. No attempt has been made to incorporate into these test methods all the various factors that may affect the performance of a material when subjected to actual service. The strength values obtained by these test methods should not be used to evaluate the compressive strength of chemical-resistant materials. The appropriate ASTM test method for the specific material should be used for determining and evaluating the compressive strength.1.1 These test methods are intended to evaluate the chemical resistance of resin, silica, silicate, sulfur, and hydraulic materials, grouts, monolithic surfacings, and polymer concretes under anticipated service conditions. These test methods provide for the determination of changes in the following properties of the test specimens and test medium after exposure of the specimens to the medium:1.1.1 Weight of specimen,1.1.2 Appearance of specimen,1.1.3 Appearance of test medium, and1.1.4 Compressive strength of specimens.1.2 Test Method A outlines the testing procedure generally used for systems containing aggregate less than 0.0625 in. (1.6 mm) in size. Test Method B covers the testing procedure generally used for systems containing aggregate from 0.0625 to 0.4 in. (1.6 to 1.0 mm) in size. Test Method C is used for systems containing aggregate larger than 0.4 in.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This test method has been developed to standardize the chemical analysis of zinc chromate yellow pigment and to provide alternate methods of analysis for chromium and zinc.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of the pigment known commercially as “zinc yellow” or “zinc chromate yellow.”1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:   SectionsMoisture and Other Volatile Matter 7Combined Water 8Chromium:   Dichromate Method 9 – 11 Thiosulfate Method 9, 12, and 13Zinc:   Hydroxyquinoline Method 9, 14, and 15 Ferrocyanide Method 9, 16, and 17Alkaline Salts 18 and 19Sulfates 20 and 21Chlorides 22 and 23Matter Insoluble in Dilute Acetic Acid 24Coarse Particles 251.3 The values stated in SI units are to be considered the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method establishes a standard procedure for rapidly (in 1 h or less) determining the chemical resistance of specimens of protective clothing materials. This test method can be used to rank materials as to their suitability for use with liquids of known or unknown composition.5.2 The breakthrough detection time, permeation rate, or cumulative permeation can be used to identify protective clothing materials that are more likely to limit potential exposures to chemicals. Longer breakthrough detection times and lower cumulative amounts permeated and permeation rates are characteristics of materials that are better barriers to the test chemical.5.3 In general this test method is less sensitive than Test Method F739 coupled with sensitive analytical procedures. In cases where the chemical of concern is highly toxic and contact of even a very small amount with the skin may be detrimental to health, the permeation cup method is not recommended. Use Test Method F739.5.4 Upon permeating the clothing material, the chemical must evaporate in order for a weight loss to occur and permeation to be detected. Consequently, the test method may not be applicable for chemicals having low volatility (that is, vapor pressure). The vapor pressure below which this test method is not applicable has not been determined.5.4.1 A procedure for assessing volatility is described in Section 10.5.5 The results of this test method are highly dependent on the test temperature. If the objective is to compare different clothing materials, all tests shall be conducted at the same temperature (±3 °C).1.1 This test method measures the barrier effectiveness of a specimen of protective clothing upon continuous contact with a liquid.1.1.1 Procedure A—For use when a value for the cumulative amount of chemical permeated in 1 h is desired.1.1.2 Procedure B—For use when breakthrough detection time and permeation rate values are desired.1.2 Although not addressed herein, the effect of the test chemical on the clothing material can be determined by comparing the weight or other physical properties of the specimen before and after the permeation test.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 7.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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