4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of chromium metal and ferrochromium alloy are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications such as Specifications A101 and A481. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of chromium and ferrochromium having chemical compositions within the following limits:  Element Composition, %  Aluminum 0.25 max  Antimony 0.005 max  Arsenic 0.005 max  Bismuth 0.005 max  Boron 0.005 max  Carbon 9.00 max  Chromium   51.0 to 99.5  Cobalt 0.10 max  Columbium 0.05 max  Copper 0.05 max  Lead 0.005 max  Manganese 0.75 max  Molybdenum 0.05 max  Nickel 0.50 max  Nitrogen 6.00 max  Phosphorus 0.03 max  Silicon 12.00 max  Silver 0.005 max  Sulfur 0.07 max  Tantalum 0.05 max  Tin 0.005 max  Titanium 0.50 max  Vanadium 0.50 max  Zinc 0.005 max  Zirconium 0.05 max1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  SectionsArsenic by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.001 % to 0.005 %] 10 – 20Lead by the Dithizone Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.001 % to 0.05 %] 21 – 31Chromium by the Sodium Peroxide Fusion-Titrimetric Test Method [50.0 % to 99.5 %] 32 – 381.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6 and in special “Warning” paragraphs throughout these test methods.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This guide is meant to aid local and regional spill response teams who may apply it during response planning and spill events.3.2 This guide presents data on the effects of surface oil, dissolved oil and dispersed oil on components of tropical environments. These data can aid in decision-making related to the use of dispersants to minimize environmental damage from oil spills.1.1 This guide covers recommendations for use of chemical dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills and is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered; although, these and other factors are often important in spill response.1.2 Each on-scene commander has available several means of control or cleanup of spilled oil. Chemical dispersants should be given equal consideration with other spill countermeasures.1.3 This guide presents general guidelines only. The dispersibility of the oil with the chosen dispersant should be evaluated in compliance with relevant government regulations. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and fuel oils. Differences between individual dispersants and to a certain degree, differences between different oils are not considered.1.4 This guide is one of several related to dispersant considerations in different environments. The other standards are listed in Section 2.1.5 This guide applies to marine and estuarine environments but not to freshwater environments.1.6 In making dispersant use decisions, appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The results obtained by this test method should serve as a guide in, but not as the sole basis for, selection of a lining material for particular application. Simple chemical-resistance evaluations of the lining materials may be performed more conveniently by other pertinent methods as a prescreening test for this procedure in accordance with Test Methods C267 and D471.1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the chemical resistance of a polymer-based protective lining in immersion service. The method closely approximates the service conditions, including the temperature differential between the external and internal surfaces of the equipment, which may accelerate permeation of the lining by a corrosive media.1.2 This test may be used to simulate actual field use conditions insofar as a qualitative evaluation of the lining system after a predetermined period of exposure.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of ferrochrome-silicon having chemical compositions within the following limits:Element Concentration,%Aluminum 0.50 maxAntimony 0.005 maxArsenic 0.005 maxBismuth 0.005 maxBoron 0.005 maxCarbon 0.15 maxChromium 34.0 to 47.0Cobalt 0.10 maxColumbium 0.050 maxCopper 0.050 maxLead 0.005 maxManganese 0.75 maxMolybdenum 0.050 maxNickel 0.50 maxNitrogen 0.050 maxPhosphorus 0.030 maxSilicon 30.0 to 45.0Silver 0.005 maxSulfur 0.030 maxTantalum 0.050 maxTin 0.005 maxTitanium 0.50 maxVanadium 0.50 maxZinc 0.005 maxZirconium 0.050 max1.2 The test methods appear in the following order: SectionsArsenic by the Molybdenum Blue Photometric Method 8-18Chromium by the Acid Dissolution Titrimetric Method 19-25Silicon by the Sodium Peroxide Fusion-Perchloric Acid Dehydration Method 26-331.3This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For precautions to be observed in these test methods, refer to Practices E50, and to precautions included in the individual methods.

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5.1 The practice for taking a sample of molten metal during production and producing a chill cast disk, used in conjunction with the following appropriate quantitative spark atomic emission spectrochemical methods, Test Methods E607 and E1251, is suitable for use in manufacturing control or certifying, or both, that the entire lot of alloy sampled meets established composition limits.5.2 The practice for melting a piece of a product to produce a chill cast disk analyzed in conjunction with the following appropriate quantitative spark atomic emission spectrochemical methods, Test Methods E607 and E1251, is suitable, if a representative sample is taken, for determining if the piece sampled meets Aluminum Association composition limits.5.3 The practice for direct analysis of product is suitable for determining an approximate composition of the piece analyzed.1.1 These practices describe procedures for producing a chill cast disk sample from molten aluminum during the production process, and from molten metal produced by melting pieces cut from products.1.2 These practices describe a procedure for obtaining qualitative results by direct analysis of product using spark atomic emission spectrometry.1.3 These practices describe procedures for preparation of samples and products prior to analysis.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 6.1 and 7.2.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, stationary rack, automatically controlled chemical sanitizing commercial dishwashing machines. These machines can be classified into two types: Type I is used in line with the table on each side and Type II is used in corner placement forming a 90° side. In terms of mode of heating, there are three styles of dishwashing machines: Style 1 is steam heated with two classes namely Class A which uses injector and Class B which uses heat exchange coil; Style 2 is electrically heated; and Style 3 is gas heated with two classes namely Class C which uses natural gas and Class D which uses LP gas. Materials used shall be free from defects that would adversely affect the performance or maintainability of individual components of the overall assembly. These materials shall consist of corrosion-resistant steel, corrosion-resisting material, and nickel-copper alloy. The dishwashing machine shall be complete so that when connected to the specified source of power, water supply, heating means (steam, electric, or gas), drainage, detergent, sanitizer and rinse agent feeder as applicable, the unit can be used for its intended function. Dishwashers shall be rigid, quiet in operation, free from objectionable vibration, and so constructed as to prevent objectionable splashing of water or overflow of water to the outside of the machine. Parts requiring adjustment or service, or both shall be readily accessible. Requirements of electrical equipment, gas equipment, steam equipment, lubrication, and painting for the dishwashing machine shall be discussed.1.1 This specification covers manually fed, spray-type, stationary rack, automatically controlled chemical sanitizing commercial dishwashing machines.Note 1—Several standards that apply generally to the product described in this specification are listed in the Appendix X1.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The SI units in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion: Section 13, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 These test methods provide a practical way to measure the concentration of certain trace elements in graphite. Many end uses of graphite require that it be free of elements which may be incompatible with certain nuclear applications. Other elemental contamination can affect the rate of oxidative degradation.4.2 These test methods allow measurement of trace amounts of contaminants with a minimal amount of costly equipment. The colorimetric procedures used are accessible to most laboratories.4.3 Other instrumental analysis techniques are available, capable of simultaneous quantitative analysis of 76 stable elements in a single run, with detectability limits in the parts per million range. Standards are currently being developed for elemental analysis of impurities in graphite using glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), combustion ion chromatography (CIC).1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of graphite.1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  SectionsSilicon by the Molybdenum Blue (Colorimetric) Test Method  9 to 15Iron by the o-Phenanthroline (Colorimetric) Test Method 16 to 22Calcium by the Permanganate (Colorimetric) Test Method 23 to 29Aluminum by the 2-Quinizarin Sulfonic Acid Test Method 30 to 36Titanium by the Peroxide (Colorimetric) Test Method 37 to 44Vanadium by the 3,3′-Dimethylnaphthidine (Colorimetric) Test Method 45 to 52Boron by the Curcumin-Oxalic Acid (Colorimetric) Test Method 53 to 601.3 The preferred concentration of sought element in the final solution, the limits of sensitivity, and the precision of the results are given in Table 1.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 56.1 for specific caution statement.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The test method allows the quantitation of chemical species at low levels in marine fuel oils and cutter stocks. A great many types and concentrations of chemical species are found in marine fuel oils. A root cause relationship between the presence of such species or their concentration in fuels and any failure modes allegedly induced by the use of these fuels has not been established. This test method is necessary to establish test conditions required for future ISO 8217:2010 as defined in section 5.5 and Annex B item (d). Additional compounds may be determined by using the same conditions and by selecting required mass spectral selected ions, accordingly.1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of a variety of chemical species in marine fuel oil (bunker fuel oil) by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. By using the same conditions and by selecting required mass spectral selected ions, the test method may be used for the determination of other species than those for which precision statements and limits of detection have been established.1.2 An example list of chemical species for which a limit of quantification has been determined by means of this test method is given in Table 1.1.3 Other refinery hydrocarbon fractions and their mixtures may be tested using the same test method conditions. However, the precision of this test method reflects the compounds in Table 1.1.4 Results are reported to the nearest 1.0 mg/kg.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.1.5.1 Exception—Non-SI values are given for psig.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of ferroniobium alloy are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications such as Specification A550. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of ferroniobium having chemical compositions within the following limits:  Element Composition, %  Aluminum 2.00 max  Carbon 0.30 max  Chromium 2.00 max  Cobalt 0.25 max  Lead 0.01 max  Manganese 3.00 max  Niobium 40.00 to 75.00  Phosphorus 0.05 max  Silicon 4.00 max  Sulfur 0.03 max  Tantalum 7.00 max  Tin 0.15 max  Titanium 5.00 max  Tungsten 0.50 max1.2 The test methods appear in the following order:  SectionsSeparation of Niobium, Tantalum, and Titanium by the Ion-Exchange Test Method 15 and 16   Titanium by the Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.05 % to 5.0 %] 17 – 21   Niobium by the Gravimetric Test Method [40 % to 75 %] 22 – 23   Tantalum by the Gravimetric Test Method [1 % to 7 %] 24 – 25   Tantalum by the Spectrophotometric Test Method [0.25 % to 1 %] 26 – 301.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6, and specific warning statements in 11.1.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of pig lead having chemical compositions within the following limits:

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5.1 Research has demonstrated that in addition to the halide ion chloride; fluoride ions, when deposited and concentrated on the surface of austenitic stainless steel, can contribute to external stress corrosion cracking (ESCC) in the absence of inhibiting ions.5 Two widely used insulation specifications that are specific to ESCC allow the use of the same Test Methods C692 and C871 for evaluation of insulation materials. Both specifications require fluoride ions to be included with chloride ions when evaluating the extractable ions.5.2 Chlorides (and fluorides) can be constituents of the insulating material or of the environment, or both. Moisture in the insulation or from the environment can cause chlorides (and fluorides) to migrate through the insulation and concentrate at the hot stainless steel surface.5.3 The presence of sodium and silicate ions in the insulation has been found to inhibit external stress corrosion cracking caused by chloride (and fluoride) ions, whether such ions come from the insulation itself or from external sources. Furthermore, if the ratio of sodium and silicate ions to chloride (and fluoride) ions is in a certain proportion in the insulation, external stress corrosion cracking as a result of the presence of chloride (and fluoride) in the insulation will be prevented or at least mitigated (see also Specification C795).1.1 These test methods cover laboratory procedures for the determination of water-leachable chloride, fluoride, silicate, and sodium ions in thermal insulation materials in the parts per million range.1.2 Selection of one of the test methods listed for each of the ionic determinations required shall be made on the basis of laboratory capability and availability of the required equipment and appropriateness to the concentration of the ion and any possible ion interferences in the extraction solution.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The demand for SPF insulation in homes and commercial buildings has increased as emphasis on energy efficiency increases. In an effort to protect the health and safety of both trade workers and building occupants due to the application of SPF, it is essential that reentry/reoccupancy-times into the structure where SPF has been applied, be established.5.2 Concentrations of chemical emissions determined in large-scale ventilated enclosure studies conducted by this practice may be used to generate source emission terms for IAQ models.5.3 The emission factors determined using this practice may be used to evaluate comparability and scalability of emission factors determined in other environments.5.4 This practice was designed to determine emission factors for chemicals emitted by SPF insulation in a controlled room environment.5.5 New or existing formulations may be sprayed, and emissions may be evaluated by this practice. The user of this practice is responsible for ensuring analytical methods are appropriate for novel compounds present in new formulations (see Appendix X1 for target compounds and generic formulations).5.6 This practice may be useful for testing variations in emissions from non-ideal applications. Examples of non-ideal applications include those that are off-ratio, applied outside of recommended range of temperature and relative humidity, or applied outside of manufacturer recommendations for thickness.5.7 The determined emission factors are not directly applicable to all potential real-world applications of SPF. While this data can be used for VOCs to estimate indoor environmental concentrations beyond three days, the uncertainty in the predicted concentrations increases with increasing time. Estimating longer term chemical concentrations (beyond three days) for SVOCs is not recommended unless additional data (beyond this practice) is used, see (1).45.8 During the application of SPF, chemicals deposited on the non-applied surfaces (for example, floors and ceilings) are the result of both gaseous phase emissions from the SPF and overspray. It is difficult to separate these two processes with current analytical methods. At present, the difference in how these two processes impact the long-term emissions is not known. This practice combines these two processes to generate data for modeling inputs.1.1 This practice describes procedures for measuring the chemical emissions of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds (VOCs and SVOCs) from spray polyurethane foam (SPF) insulation samples in a large-scale ventilated enclosure.1.2 This practice is used to identify emission rates and factors during SPF application and up to three days following application.1.3 This practice can be used to generate emissions data for research activities or modeled for the purpose to inform potential reentry and reoccupancy times. Potential reentry and re-occupancy times only apply to the applications that meet manufacturer guidelines and are specific to the tested formulation.1.4 This practice describes emission testing at ambient room and substrate temperature and relative humidity conditions recognizing chemical emissions may differ at different room and substrate temperatures and relative humidity.1.5 This practice does not address all SPF chemical emissions. This practice addresses specific chemical compounds of potential health and regulatory concern including methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), polymeric MDI (MDI oligomeric polyisocyanates mixture), flame retardants, aldehydes, and VOCs including blowing agents, and catalysts. Although specific chemicals are discussed in this practice, other chemical compounds of interest can be quantified (see target compound and generic formulation list in Appendix X1). Other chemical compounds used in SPF such as polyols, emulsifiers, and surfactants are not addressed by this practice. Particulate sizing and distribution are also outside the scope of this practice.1.6 Emission rates during application are determined from air phase concentration measurements that may include particle bound chemicals. SVOC deposition to floors and ceilings is also quantified for post application modeling inputs. SVOC emission rates should only be used for modeling purposes for the duration of data collection.1.7 Four quantification methods are described for isocyanates. The method chosen should consider safety issues such as flammability, the expected concentration, the presence of isocyanate aerosol during the phase of interest (during and post application), and if the tested SPF is high or low pressure.1.8 This practice references similar standard practices for design, construction, performance evaluation, and use of full-scale chambers for chemical emission testing.1.9 This practice references methods for the collection and analysis of air samples.1.10 This practice applies to two-component open cell and closed cell SPF insulation system formulations that are processed using high-pressure or low-pressure installation processing practices and equipment.1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. The application of SPF in a ventilated enclosure has the potential to generate a hazardous condition putting the individual responsible for spraying inserts at risk. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety procedures and require appropriate certified personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize chemical exposure. Individuals entering the ventilated enclosure during and after SPF application, for any amount of time, are expected to wear appropriate PPE.1.13 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.14 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 This practice is intended primarily for the sampling of copper and copper alloys for compliance with compositional specification requirements.4.2 The selection of correct test pieces and the preparation of a representative sample from such test pieces are necessary prerequisites to every analysis. The analytical results will be of little value unless the sample represents the average composition of the material from which it was prepared.1.1 This practice describes the sampling of copper (except electrolytic cathode) and copper alloys in either cast or wrought form for the determination of composition.1.2 Cast products may be in the form of cake, billet, wire bar, ingot, ingot bar, or casting.1.3 Wrought products may be in the form of flat, pipe, tube, rod, bar, shape, or forging.1.4 This practice is not intended to supersede or replace existing specification requirements for the sampling of a particular material.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement appears in Appendix X4.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of mercuric oxide pigment.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.> A specific hazard statement is given in the Note of 11.1.

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1.1 This guide covers recommendations for use of chemical dispersants to assist in the control of oil spills. This guide is written with the goal of minimizing the environmental impacts of oil spills; this goal is the basis upon which recommendations are made. Aesthetic and socioeconomic factors are not considered; although, these and other factors are often important in spill response. 1.2 Each on-scene coordinator has available several means of control or cleanup of spilled oil. In this guide, use of chemical dispersants is not to be considered as a "last resort" after other methods have failed. Chemical dispersants are to be given equal considerations with other spill countermeasures. 1.3 This is a general guide only, assuming the oil to be dispersable and the dispersant to be effective, available, applied correctly, and in compliance with relevant government regulations. Oil, as used in this guide, includes crude oils and fuel oils (No. 1 through No. 6). Differences between individual dispersants or between different oils or products are not considered. 1.4 This guide covers one type of habitat, rocky shores. Other guides, similar to this one, cover habitats such as sandy beaches or marshes. The use of dispersants is considered primarily to protect such habitats from impact (or minimize impacts) and also to clean them after the spill takes place. 1.5 This guide applies to marine and estuarine environments, but not to freshwater environments. 1.6 In making dispersant-use decisions appropriate government authorities should be consulted as required by law. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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