1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the performance of calcium phosphate ceramic coatings in shear and bending fatigue modes. In the shear fatigue mode this test method evaluates the adhesive and cohesive properties of the coating on a metallic substrate. In the bending fatigue mode, this test method evaluates both the adhesion of the coating as well as the effects that the coating may have on the substrate material. These test methods are limited to testing in air at ambient temperature. These test methods are not intended for application in fatigue tests of components or devices; however, the test method that most closely replicates the actual loading configuration is preferred. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 The guide provides recommendations for substrates and methods of surface preparation to be used in comparative tests of building seals and sealants.1.1 This guide describes the recommended standard substrates and their recommended surface preparation for use in standard tests of building seals and sealants.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This standard is useful for characterizing the wettability of surfaces. A surface that is easy to wet is one over which a coating is more likely to give good adhesion and appearance and less likely to suffer surface tension related defects such as crawling, cratering, pinholing and orange peel.5.2 This standard also can be used to test pigment surfaces for wettability, particularly by potential surfactant- or resin-based dispersants or mill bases. Easily wetted pigments are more likely to be easy to disperse and dispersants/mill bases that wet pigments of interest are more likely to disperse those pigments well.5.3 Although the contact angle is governed by the surface tensions of the test liquid and test surface, the angle cannot provide a surface tension value directly.5.4 A low advancing contact angle value (<45°) is indicative of wetting and angles of 10 to 20° are indicative of excellent wetting.5.5 Water can be used as a test liquid to establish (via the advancing contact angle) whether a surface is hydrophilic (angle <45°), hydrophobic (angle >90°) or somewhere in-between (angle of 45 to 90°). Water contact angles have been used to estimate surface cleanliness before and after cleaning operations, ease of wettability of surfaces by waterborne coatings and the effectiveness of rinsing processes.5.6 An organic liquid such as a solvent also can be used to characterize a substrate, coating or pigment. The resultant contact angle will depend on the surface tensions of the liquid and the test surface. A low surface tension (energy) test surface will not be wet by a high surface tension liquid.5.7 In addition to water and solvents, a surfactant dispersion or dispersant solution can be used to test a pigment surface. Any test liquid that is a potential dispersant for a test pigment must wet the pigment well or it will not work as a dispersant.5.8 Contact angle measurements can be used to map surfaces in terms of hydrophilicity, presence of low surface tension components or contaminants, or variations in composition. Other analytical methods such as infrared microscopy would be needed to identify the chemical moieties that give the contact angle differences.5.9 This test method can be used on nearly all coatings and substrates and may be extended to pigments by compressing the pigment powder into a solid disk.1.1 This practice covers the measurement of the angle of contact when a drop of liquid is applied to a coated surface, substrate, or preformed disk of pigment.1.2 There are two types of contact angles, advancing and receding. This standard deals only with advancing contact angles.1.3 This practice is intended to supplement the manufacturer’s instructions for the device being used to make the measurements, but is not intended to replace them.1.4 A common test liquid is water, but many other liquids such as solvents, surfactant and dispersant solutions and even liquid paints can be used.1.5 This practice is based on goniometry, which involves the observation of a sessile drop of test liquid on a solid substrate.1.6 Although contact angles are governed by surface tension, this standard cannot be used to measure surface tension directly.1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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2.1 All five of the test methods described will produce polish films from emulsion floor polishes which can be used for various performance tests. The choice of test method is left up to the individual laboratory.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for application of emulsion floor polish films to suitable substrates for testing purposes. Five test methods are covered, as outlined in Section 3.1.2 These procedures are limited to use on flat, rigid substrates mounted, if necessary, on a nonabsorbent backing.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The procedures described in this practice are intended to aid in evaluating the performance of coatings on various metal panels including either new or rusted steel.4.2 The relative durability of paints in outdoor exposures can be very different depending on the location of the exposure because of differences in solar radiation, time of wetness, temperature, pollutants, and other factors. Therefore, it cannot be assumed that results from one exposure in a single location will be useful for determining relative durability in a different location. Exposures in several locations with different climates which represent a broad range of anticipated service conditions are recommended.4.2.1 Because of year-to-year climatological variations, results from a single exposure test cannot be used to predict the absolute rate at which a material degrades. Several years of repeat exposures are needed to get an “average” test result for a given location.4.2.2 Solar radiation varies considerably as function of time of year. This can cause large differences in the apparent rate of degradation in many polymers. Comparing results for materials exposed for short periods (less than one year) is not recommended unless materials are exposed at the same time in the same location.4.3 The in Practice G7 addresses many variables to be considered in exterior exposure tests. Guide G141 provides more information on variability in weathering testing.1.1 This practice covers procedures to be followed for direct exposure of exterior paints and coatings to the environment when applied to metal surfaces. When originators of a weathering test have the actual exposure conducted by a separate agency, the specific conditions for the exposure of test and control specimens should be clearly defined and mutually agreed upon between all parties.1.2 Experience indicates that the metal used as a test substrate has a significant effect upon weathering results. The purpose of this practice is to define specific steel and other metal surfaces to be used for testing in order to minimize this source of variability.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the biaxial flexure strength (modulus of rupture) of thin ceramic substrates. 1.2 This test method is applicable to specimens in the as-fired condition or to test pieces prepared to have a certain thickness or surface finish. 1.3 This test method may be used with specimens of various thicknesses and having warpage; no limits are placed on the latter, except those mutually imposed by the specifications agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser of the substrates. 1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 Gold coatings are often specified for the contacts of separable electrical connectors and other devices. Electrodeposits are the form of gold that is most used on contacts, although it is also employed as clad metal and as weldments on the contact surface. The intrinsic nobility of gold enables it to resist the formation of insulating oxide films that could interfere with reliable contact operation.5.2 In order that the nobility of gold be assured, porosity, cracks, and other defects in the coating that expose base-metal substrates and underplates must be minimal or absent, except in those cases where it is feasible to use the contacts in structures that shield the surface from the environment or where corrosion inhibiting surface treatments for the deposit are employed. The level of porosity in the coating that may be tolerable depends on the severity of the environment to the underplate or substrate, design factors for the contact device like the force with which it is mated, circuit parameters, and the reliability of contact operation that it is necessary to maintain. Also, when present, the location of pores on the surface is important. If the pores are few in number and are outside of the zone of contact of the mating surfaces, their presence can often be tolerated.5.3 Methods for determining pores on a contact surface are most suitable if they enable their precise location and numbers to be determined. Contact surfaces are often curved or irregular in shape, and testing methods should be suitable for them. In addition, the severity of porosity-determining tests may vary. This test method is regarded as severe.5.4 The relationship of porosity levels revealed by particular tests to contact behavior must be made by the user of these tests through practical experience or by judgement. Thus, absence of porosity in the coating may be a requirement for some applications, while a few pores on the critical surfaces may be acceptable for another. Such acceptance (or pass-fail) criteria should be part of the product specification for the particular product or part requiring the porosity test.5.5 This test method is highly sensitive and is capable of detecting virtually all porosity or other defects in gold coatings that could participate in substrate corrosion reactions. The test is rapid, simple, and inexpensive. In addition, it can be used on contacts having complex geometry such as pin-socket contacts. However, it is preferred that deeply recessed sockets be opened to expose their critical surfaces prior to testing.5.6 This test method is considered destructive in that it reveals the presence of porosity by contaminating the surface with corrosion products and by undercutting the coating at pore sites or at the boundaries of unplated areas. Any parts exposed to these tests shall not be placed in service.5.7 This test method is intended to be used for quantitative descriptions of porosity (such as number of pores per unit area or per contact) only on coatings that have a pore density sufficiently low that the corrosion sites are well separated and can be readily resolved. As a general guideline this can be achieved for pore densities up to about 100/cm2 or per 100 contacts. Above this value the tests are useful for the qualitative detection and comparisons of porosity.1.1 This test method covers equipment and procedures for using nitric acid vapor for determining porosity in gold coatings, greater than 0.6 μm (25 μin.) in thickness, particularly electrodeposits and clad metals used on electrical contacts.1.2 This test method is designed to show whether the porosity level is less or greater than some value that, by experience, is considered by the user to be acceptable for the intended application.1.3 A variety of other porosity testing methods are described in Guide B765 and in the literature.2,3 Other porosity test methods are Test Methods B741, B798, B799, and B809.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautions are given in Section 8 and 9.4.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method covers equipment and techniques for determining porosity in gold coatings, particularly electrodeposits and clad metals used on electrical contacts. 1.2 This test method is designed to show whether the porosity level is less or greater than some value which by experience is considered by the user to be acceptable for the intended application. 1.3 This test method is suitable for flat surfaces, or with appropriate fixtures, for gently curved surfaces. 1.4 A variety of other porosity testing methods are described in Guide B765 and in the literature. Detailed critical reviews of porosity testing are also available. Other porosity test methods are B735, B798, B799 and B809. 1.5 This test method is specifically designed for use with gold coatings (>95% gold) on substrates of copper and nickel and their alloys. Although not covered in this standard, variations of this test method may be found useful in evaluating coatings other than gold. 1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values in parenthesis are for information only. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use. For a specific precautionary statement, see Note 1.

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4.1 The procedure described in this test method is designed to provide a method by which the coating weight of titanium treatments on metal substrates may be determined.4.2 This test method is applicable for determination of the total coating weight and the titanium coating weight of a titanium-containing treatment.1.1 This test method covers the use of wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF) techniques for determination of the coating weight of titanium treatments on metal substrates. These techniques are applicable for determination of the coating weight as titanium or total coating weight of a titanium containing treatment, or both, on a variety of metal substrates.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 Permittivity and dissipation factor are fundamental design parameters for design of microwave circuitry. Permittivity plays a principal role in determining the wavelength and the impedance of transmission lines. Dissipation factor (along with copper losses) influence attenuation and power losses.5.2 This test method is suitable for polymeric materials having permittivity in the order of two to eleven. Such materials are popular in applications of stripline and microstrip configurations used in the 1 GHz to 18 GHz range.5.3 This test method is suitable for design, development, acceptance specifications, and manufacturing quality control.NOTE 2: See Appendix X1 for additional information regarding significance of this test method and the application of the results.1.1 This test method permits the rapid measurement of apparent relative permittivity and loss tangent (dissipation factor) of metal-clad polymer-based circuit substrates in the X-band (8 GHz to 12.4 GHz).1.2 This test method is suitable for testing PTFE (polytetrafluorethylene) impregnated glass cloth or random-oriented fiber mats, glass fiber-reinforced polystyrene, polyphenyleneoxide, irradiated polyethylene, and similar materials having a nominal specimen thickness of 1/16 in. (1.6 mm). The materials listed in the preceding sentence have been used in commercial applications at nominal frequency of 9.6 GHz.NOTE 1: See Appendix X1 for additional information about range of permittivity, thickness other than 1/16 in. (1.6 mm), and tests at frequencies other than 9.6 GHz.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification establishes the requirements for labelling of materials and products (including packaging), wherein a biodegradable plastic film or coating is attached (either through lamination or extrusion directly onto the paper) to compostable substrates and the entire product or package is designed to be composted in municipal and industrial aerobic composting facilities. This specification, however, does not describe the contents of the product or their performance with regards to compostability or biodegradability. In order to compost satisfactorily, the product must demonstrate each of the three characteristics as follows: (1) proper disintegration during composting; (2) adequate level of inherent biodegradation; and (3) no adverse impacts on the ability of composts to support plant growth.1.1 This specification covers end items that include plastics or polymers where plastic film/ sheet or polymers are incorporated (either through lamination, extrusion or mixing) to substrates and the entire end item is designed to be composted under aerobic conditions in municipal and industrial composting facilities, where thermophilic temperatures are achieved.1.2 This specification is intended to establish the requirements for labeling of end items which use plastics or polymers as coatings or binders, as “compostable in aerobic municipal and industrial composting facilities.”1.3 The properties in this specification are those required to determine if end items (including packaging) which use plastics and polymers as coatings or binders will compost satisfactorily, in large scale aerobic municipal or industrial composting where maximum throughput is a high priority and where intermediate stages of plastic biodegradation must not be visible to the end user for aesthetic reasons.1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains to the test methods portion of this standard: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1: There is no known ISO equivalent for this standard.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This test method covers the procedures for determining the pressure mottling and sticking, or blocking resistance of organic coatings applied on coil-coated or factory coated metal substrates prior to fabrication. The coated metal is cut into at least four, preferably six, suitably-sized panels which are then subjected to a specified pressure and temperature for a specified time. After the heat is turned off and the specimen cooled, the samples are examined for any signs of sticking or blocking and mottling.1.1 This test method covers determination of the pressure mottling and sticking, or blocking resistance of organic coatings applied to coil-coated or factory-coated metal prior to fabrication.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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The measurements described in this guide can significantly affect the function of the sapphire substrate.Substrates with excessive form errors in the free state may cause processing errors in production.The restrained state of the substrate is intended to simulate as closely as possible the form that the substrate will take in one of its intended uses. During processing, one surface of the substrate is sometimes forcibly restrained to a flat state through either vacuum or adhesion to a flat surface. The measurements in the clamped state are intended to model the form of the front surface of the substrate when the back surface is constrained to the reference plane. The form in the clamped state may have a direct impact on the performance of the substrate in use.The user should determine whether the unrestrained or restrained measurements are most pertinent to the application and specify the appropriate parameters accordingly.Knowledge of these characteristics can help the producer and consumer determine if the dimensional characteristics of a specimen substrate satisfy given geometrical requirements.This guide is suitable for sapphire substrates in the as-sliced, lapped, polished, or other condition. Refer to SEMI M3 for substrate specifications.Until the results of a planned interlaboratory evaluation of this guide are established, use of this guide for commercial transactions is not recommended unless the parties to the test establish the degree of correlation that can be obtained.1.1 This guide covers a nondestructive procedure to determine the form of clean, dry sapphire substrates.1.2 This guide is applicable to substrates 25 mm or larger in diameter, with a minimum thickness of 100 μm. This guide is independent of surface finish.1.3 The measurements described in this guide may be applied to the entire global surface of the substrate, or to smaller localized areas.1.4 The value of the measurements described in this guide will be affected by the amount of edge exclusion (that is, the area around the perimeter of the part which is ignored). The amount excluded should be agreed upon by the producer and consumer using this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.

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5.1 The electrical conductivity of concrete is primarily influenced by the presence of moisture. Other factors, which affect the electrical continuity of concrete structures, include the following:5.1.1 Presence of metal rebars,5.1.2 Cement content and type,5.1.3 Aggregate types,5.1.4 Admixtures,5.1.5 Porosity within the concrete,5.1.6 Above or below grade elevation,5.1.7 Indoor or outdoor location,5.1.8 Temperature and humidity, and5.1.9 Age of concrete.5.2 The electrical conductivity of concrete itself may be successfully used for high-voltage continuity testing of linings applied directly with no specific conductive underlayment installed. However, the voltage required to find a discontinuity may vary greatly from point to point on the structure. This variance may reduce the test reliability.5.3 Although the most common conductive underlayments are liquid primers applied by trowel, roller, or spray, and which contain carbon or graphite fillers, others may take the form of the following:5.3.1 Sheet-applied graphite veils,5.3.2 Conductive polymers,5.3.3 Conductive graphite fibers,5.3.4 Conductive metallic fibers, and5.3.5 Conductive metallic screening.5.4 Liquid-applied conductive underlayments may be desirable as they can serve to address imperfections in the concrete surface and provide a better base for which to apply the lining.5.5 This practice is intended for use only with new linings applied to concrete substrates. Inspecting a lining previously exposed to an immersion condition could result in damaging the lining or produce an erroneous detection of discontinuities due to permeation or moisture absorption of the lining. Deposits may also be present on the surface causing telegraphing. The use of a high voltage tester on a previously exposed lining is not recommended because of possible spark through which will damage an otherwise sound lining. A low voltage tester can be used but could produce erroneous readings.5.6 The user may consider this practice when performance requirements of the lining in a specified chemical environment require assurance of a lining free of discontinuities.5.7 Factors affecting the dielectric properties and test voltage shall be considered. Some factors are the curing time of liquid-applied linings; the possible presence of electrically conductive fillers or solvents, or both; the possible presence of air inclusions or voids; and the compatibility of conductive underlayments with the specified lining.5.8 A pulsed dc high voltage may cause a lining to breakdown at a lower voltage than would be the case for a continuous dc voltage.1.1 This practice covers procedures that may be used to allow the detection of discontinuities in nonconductive linings or other non-conductive coatings applied to concrete substrates.1.2 Discontinuities may include pinholes, internal voids, holidays, cracks, and conductive inclusions.1.3 This practice describes detection of discontinuities utilizing a high voltage spark tester using either pulsed or continuous dc voltage.NOTE 1: For further information on discontinuity testing refer to NACE Standard SP0188-2006 or Practice D5162.1.4 This practice describes procedures both with and without the use of a conductive underlayment.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see Section 7.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method covers various thermoplastics and thermosets routinely used in the microelectronics industry. This test method covers a screening technique to determine volatile content of these materials when exposed to a vacuum environment. Two parameters are measured: total mass loss (TML) and collected volatile condensable materials (CVCM). 1.2 This test method describes the test apparatus and related operating procedures for evaluating the mass loss of materials being subjected to 25°, 70° or 125°C at less than 5 Pa (0.05 mbars) for 24 h. The lowest temperature simulates storage conditions, while the middle and upper temperatures simulate soft bake and hard bake conditions encountered during microelectronics manufacturing. The overall mass loss can be classified into noncondensables and condensables. The latter are characterized herein as being capable of condensing on a silicon wafer, glass plate, aluminum disk or other substrate, maintained at a temperature of 18°C. Note 1-Unless otherwise noted, the tolerances are 18°C + 3°C, 25°C + 1°C, 70°C + 1°C, and 125°C + 1°C. 1.3 Any thermoplastic or thermoset can be tested. The materials may be tested in the "as-received" condition or prepared for test after various curing or manufacturing steps. 1.4 This test method is primarily a screening technique for materials and is not necessarily valid for computing actual contamination on a system or component because of possible differences in configuration, temperatures, and material processing. The three temperatures allow testing with respect to maximum expected service temperature. Also, many polymers cannot be tested at 125°C as they melt or undergo glass transition above 70°C. 1.5 The use of materials that are deemed acceptable in accordance with this test method does not ensure that the system or component will remain uncontaminated. Therefore, subsequent functional, developmental, and qualification tests should be used, as necessary, to ensure that material performance is satisfactory. 1.6 No data is yet available to evaluate minimum sample sizes. Sample sizes as small as 130 mg have been used. 1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. 1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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