5.1 This is a quick, simple, and inexpensive test method for qualitatively determining, without the need to prepare bonded test specimens, whether the adhesive under consideration will bond to a particular substrate. If the results are acceptable, then standard quantitative adhesive test procedures can be used to obtain quantitative measurements of the adhesive's performance.5.2 This test method can also be used to compare relative adhesion of several adhesives to given substrates.5.3 It can be used to determine whether an adhesive will continue to adhere to the substrate under specified environmental conditions.5.4 It can be used to evaluate adhesion of a particular adhesive to a variety of substrates.5.5 It can be used to obtain “subjective” comparative data between several adhesives on a given substrate by noting the relative ease of inducing failure between the adhesives tested.5.6 It should be most applicable to adhesives that cure or set when exposed to “air” (ambient, heated, etc.) and could be used for anaerobic adhesives if testing is carried out in an oxygen-free atmosphere.1.1 This test method covers a simple qualitative procedure for quickly screening whether an adhesive will, under recommended application conditions, bond to a given substrate without actually making bonded assemblies.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Fungi are known to produce objectionable odors, stains, and premature biodeterioration of various consumer products and construction substrates including textiles, carpet, ceiling tile, gypsum wallboard, lumber, and plasticized vinyl and other polymers.4.2 Antifungal activity is typically:4.2.1 Determination of article susceptibility to fungal colonization,4.2.2 Determination of fungistatic activity (qualitative determination of prevented or delayed fungal colonization), and4.2.3 Determination of fungicidal/sporicidal activity (quantitative determination of spore kill).4.3 The degree of required surface examination varies from gross visual examination to detailed microscopic assessment among these methods.4.4 This guide provides an overview of established methods and suggestions for their applicability, with consideration to the type of substrate treated or the type of antifungal treatment being assessed.1.1 This guide provides information on various test methods currently available to assess antifungal activity on natural or synthetic substrates.1.2 Knowledge of microbiological techniques is required for the practice of this guide.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 Membrane switch keys are subjected to repeated actuations, usually by a human finger. This can transfer body oil, hand creams, automotive fluids and so forth. Materials are often subjected to other conditions (for example, wiping, cleaning, rubbing) during handling, end-use, shipment, or storage that may cause abrasion damage. The result may be a significant removal of the coatings, text, or decorative inks.3.2 This test method is applicable to a wide range of materials. The main criterion is that the abrasion process produces visible wear or breakthrough of the surface being tested.3.3 The amount of abrasion damage to a surface is dependent on numerous variables. This test method provides a way of comparing relative abrasion resistance and the effect of chemicals on inks, coatings, and substrates. In no way do the results provide a correlation value of the number of human finger touches before coating failure. It only provides a means to compare results of tests performed using the same equipment, abrasive materials and loading conditions.3.4 The test method can be used for quality control purposes, as a research and development tool, to evaluate material combinations for a given application, or for the comparison of materials with relatively similar properties and the effect of chemicals on the abrasion resistance.1.1 This test method describes the procedure for subjecting inks or coatings on substrates to an abrasive medium, with or without the application of chemicals, at a specified force.1.2 Within certain limitations, as described in this standard, this test method is applicable for materials including, but not limited to: printed or coated polyester, polycarbonate, and silicone rubber. The samples can be either flat or contoured.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 The objective of this guide is to provide guidance in the characterization of Type I collagen as a starting material for surgical implants and substrates for tissue engineered medical products (TEMPs). This guide contains a listing of physical and chemical parameters that are directly related to the function of collagen. This guide can be used as an aid in the selection and characterization of the appropriate collagen starting material for the specific use. Not all tests or parameters are applicable to all uses of collagen.4.2 The collagen covered by this guide may be used in a broad range of applications, forms, or medical products, for example (but not limited to) medical devices, tissue engineered medical products (TEMPs) or cell, drug, or DNA delivery devices for implantation. The use of collagen in a practical application should be based, among other factors, on biocompatibility and physical test data. Recommendations in this guide should not be interpreted as a guarantee of clinical success in any tissue engineered medical product or drug delivery application.4.3 The following general areas should be considered when determining if the collagen supplied satisfies requirements for use in TEMPs. These are source of collagen, chemical and physical characterization and testing, and impurities profile.4.4 The following documents or other appropriate guidances from appropriate regulatory bodies relating to the production, regulation, and regulatory approval of TEMPs products should be considered when determining if the collagen supplied satisfies requirements for use in TEMPs:FDA CFR:21 CFR 3: Product Jurisdiction:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=321 CFR 58: Good Laboratory Practice for Nonclinical Laboratory Studies:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=58 FDA/CDRH CFR and Guidances:21 CFR Part 803: Medical Device Reporting:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=80321 CFR 812: Investigational Device Exemptions:    http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=81221 CFR 814: Premarket Approval of Medical Devices :   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=81421 CFR 820: Quality System Regulation:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=820Design Control Guidance for Medical Device Manufacturers:   http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/comp/designgd.pdfPreproduction Quality Assurance Planning Recommendations for Medical Device Manufacturers (FDA 90-4236):   http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/manual/appende.htmlThe Review and Inspection of Premarket Approval Applications under the Bioresearch Monitoring Program—Draft Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff:   http://www.fda.gov/cdrh/comp/guidance/1602.pdf FDA/CDRH Search Engines:CDRH Guidance Search Engine:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfggp/search.cfmCDRH Premarket Approval (PMA) Search Engine:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMA/pma.cfmCDRH 510(k) Search Engine:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfPMN/pmn.cfmCDRH Recognized STANDARDS Search Engine :   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfStandards/search.cfm FDA/CBER CFR and Guidances:21 CFR 312: Investigational New Drug Application :   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=31221 CFR 314: Applications for FDA Approval to Market a New Drug:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=3121 CFR 610: General Biological Products Standards:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=61021 CFR 1271: Human Cells, Tissues and Cellular and Tissue-Based Products:   http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/    CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=1271Cellular & Gene Therapy Guidances and Other Publications:   http://www.fda.gov/cber/genetherapy/gtpubs.htmHuman Tissue Guidances and Other Publications:   http://www.fda.gov/cber/tissue/docs.htmCBER Product Approval Information:   http://www.fda.gov/cber/efoi/approve.htm21 CFR 600, 601 BLA Regulations:   http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_07/21cfrv7_07.html21 CFR 210, 211 GMP Regulations:   http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_07/21cfr210_07.html1.1 This guide for characterizing collagen-containing biomaterials is intended to provide characteristics, properties, and test methods for use by producers, manufacturers, and researchers to more clearly identify the specific collagen materials used. With greater than 20 types of collagen and the different properties of each, a single document would be cumbersome. This guide will focus on the characterization of Type I collagen, which is the most abundant collagen in mammals, especially in skin and bone. Collagen isolated from these sources may contain other types of collagen, for example, Type III and Type V. This guide does not provide specific parameters for any collagen product or mix of products or the acceptability of those products for the intended use. The collagen may be from any source including, but not limited to, animal or cadaveric sources, human cell culture, or recombinant sources. The biological, immunological, or toxicological properties of the collagen may vary, depending on the source material. The properties of the collagen prepared from each of the above sources must be thoroughly investigated, as the changes in the collagen properties as a function of source materials is not thoroughly understood. This guide is intended to focus on purified Type I collagen as a starting material for surgical implants and substrates for tissue engineered medical products (TEMPs); some methods may not be applicable for gelatin or tissue implants. This guide may serve as a template for characterization of other types of collagen.1.2 The biological response to collagen in soft tissue has been well documented by a history of clinical use (1, 2)2 and laboratory studies (3-6). Biocompatibility and appropriateness of use for a specific application(s) is the responsibility of the product manufacturer.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 Warning—Mercury has been designated by EPA and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for details and EPA’s website (http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm) for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.1.5 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 5, of this guide. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method may be used for quantitative determinations of Pb in painted and unpainted articles such as toys, children’s products, and other consumer products. Typical test time for quantification of Pb in homogenous samples is 1 to 3 min; and typical test time for quantification of Pb in paint is 4 to 8 min.1.1 This test method uses energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry for detection and quantification of lead (Pb) in paint layers, similar coatings, or substrates and homogenous materials. The following material types were tested in the interlaboratory study for this standard test method: ABS plastic, polyethylene, polypropylene, PVC, glass, zinc alloy, wood, and fabric.1.2 This technique may also be commonly referred to as High Definition X-ray Fluorescence (HDXRF) or Multiple Monochromatic Beam EDXRF (MMB-EDXRF).1.3 This test method is applicable for the products and materials described in 1.1 for a Pb mass fraction range of 14 to 1200 mg/kg for uncoated samples and 30 to 450 mg/kg for coated samples, as specified in Table 1 and determined by an interlaboratory study using representative samples1.4 Ensure that the analysis area of the sample is visually uniform in appearance and at least as large as the X-ray excitation beam at the point of sample excitation.1.5 For coating analysis, this test method is limited to paint and similar coatings. Metallic coatings are not covered by this test method.1.6 X-ray Nomenclature—This standard names X-ray lines using the IUPAC convention with the Siegbahn convention in parentheses.1.7 There are no known ISO equivalent methods to this standard.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This guide is intended as a reference for those concerned with the inspection of thin- or thick-film coating application to concrete and masonry substrates. It does not cover the application of cement-type coatings. The requirements for inspection should be addressed in all protective coating and lining work specifications. This guide may be used by specification writers when selecting and establishing the inspection requirements for coating and lining specifications. A sample checklist for use by inspectors is included as Appendix X1.1.1.1 This guide is intended as an information aid to painting inspectors in carrying out the task efficiently. It includes the key elements of surface preparation, coatings application, and final approval for both field and shop work. The items should be selected that are pertinent to a specific project.NOTE 1: For additional helpful information, refer to the following documents:Manual of Concrete Practice ACI 515R American Concrete Institute2Manual of Coating Work for Light Water Nuclear Power Plant Primary Containment and Other Safety Related Facilities3C811 Practice for Surface Preparation of Concrete for Application of Chemical-Resistant Resin Monolithic Surfacings4Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol. 1 - Good Painting Practices5Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol. 2 - Systems and Specifications5Manufacturers Specifications and Instructions (made available to the inspector for reference to special requirements for proper application)Safety Data Sheets (needed to ensure that personnel take necessary precautions in handling hazardous materials). Available from Materials manufacturer.1.2 Certain industries or owners may require certified inspection personnel. See Guide D4537 for establishing procedures to certify inspectors for coating work in nuclear facilities. SSPC offers a training and certification program for concrete coating inspection.51.3 In certain cases the inspector may be required to assess the condition of the concrete substrate. SSPC has published an illustrated guide for performing a concrete condition assessment.51.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This guide is arranged in the following order:  SectionReferenced Documents 2  ASTM Standards 2.1  OSHA Standards 2.2  ICRI Standards 2.3  SSPC Standards 2.4 3Preparation for Inspection 4Surface Preparation Methods and Requirements 5  Surface Preparation 5.1  Factors Affecting Coating Performance 5.2  Surface Condition 5.2.1  Cleanliness 5.2.2  Moisture 5.2.3  Surface Preparation Procedures 5.3  Dry Surface Cleaning 5.3.1  Water and Steam Cleaning 5.3.2  Mechanical Tool Cleaning 5.3.3  Hand Tool Cleaning 5.3.3.1  Power Tool Cleaning 5.3.3.2  Scarifying Machines 5.3.3.3  Pre- and Post-Surface Preparation 5.3.3.4  Finished Surface 5.3.3.5  Blast Cleaning 5.3.4  Water Blast Cleaning 5.3.5  Acid Etching 5.3.6Precautions in Preparing Unpainted and   Previously Painted Surfaces 5.4Inspection of Surfaces Prior to Field Painting 5.5  New Construction 5.5.1  Maintenance Repainting 5.5.2Cracks and Voids 6  Cracks 6.1  Cracks in Concrete 6.1.1  Joints in Concrete 6.1.2  Voids 6.2  Recoat Intervals 6.3Coating Storage and Handling 7  Storage of Coating and Thinner 7.1  Mixing of Coatings 7.2  Thinning 7.3  Thinning of Coating 7.3.1  Heating of Coating 7.4Ambient Condition Considerations 8  Drying 8.1  Low Temperature 8.2  High Temperature 8.3  Moisture 8.4  Wind 8.5Coating Application 9  Residual Contaminants 9.1  Quality Assurance 9.2  Film Defects 9.2.1  Brush Application 9.3  Spray Application 9.4  Roller Application 9.5  Miscellaneous Methods 9.6  Rate of Application 9.7  Additional Considerations 10  Ventilation 10.1  Painting Schedule 10.2  Film Integrity 10.3  Recoat Time 10.4  Coating System Failure 10.5Inspection Equipment 11  General 11.1  Adhesion of Existing Coating 11.1.1  Portable Pull-Off Adhesion 11.1.2  Field Inspection Equipment 11.2  Drying and Curing Times 11.2.1  Thermometers 11.2.1.1  Psychrometric Charts 11.2.1.2  Wet-Film Thickness Gages 11.2.2  Interchemical Gage 11.2.2.1  Notched Gage 11.2.2.2  Dry-Film Thickness Gages 11.2.3  Destructive Thickness Gage 11.2.3.1  Nondestructive Film Thickness Gages 11.2.3.2  Discontinuity (Holiday) Tester 11.3Inspection Checklist Appendix X11.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The procedure described in this practice is designed to provide a method by which the coating weight of chromium treatments on metal substrates may be determined.3.2 This procedure is applicable for determination of the total coating weight and the chromium coating weight of a chromium-containing treatment.1.1 This practice covers the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques for determination of the coating weight of chromium treatments on metal substrates. These techniques are applicable for determination of the coating weight as chromium or total coating weight of a chromium-containing treatment, or both, on a variety of metal substrates.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This test method covers the procedure for the performance of calcium phosphate ceramic coatings in shear and bending fatigue modes. In the shear fatigue mode this test method evaluates the adhesive and cohesive properties of the coating on a metallic substrate. In the bending fatigue mode, this test method evaluates both the adhesion of the coating as well as the effects that the coating may have on the substrate material. These test methods are limited to testing in air at ambient temperature. These test methods are not intended for application in fatigue tests of components or devices; however, the test method that most closely replicates the actual loading configuration is preferred. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only. 1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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4.1 The guide provides recommendations for substrates and methods of surface preparation to be used in comparative tests of building seals and sealants.1.1 This guide describes the recommended standard substrates and their recommended surface preparation for use in standard tests of building seals and sealants.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited chromium coatings (sometimes referred to as functional or hard chromium) applied to ferrous alloy substrates for engineering applications, particularly for increasing wear, abrasion, fretting, and corrosion resistance; for reducing galling or seizing, and static and kinetic friction; and for building up undersize or worn parts. Coatings shall be classified according to their thickness. Coatings shall be sampled, tested, and shall conform accordingly to specified requirements as to appearance, stress relief and hydrogen embrittlement treatment, thickness (to measured either by microscopical, magnetic, coulometric, or X-ray spectrometry method), adhesion (to be assessed either by bend, file, heat and quench, or push test), porosity (to be examined either by ferroxyl, neutral salt spray, or copper sulfate test), workmanship, and packaging.1.1 This specification covers the requirements for electrodeposited chromium coatings applied to ferrous alloys for engineering applications.1.2 Electrodeposited engineering chromium, which is sometimes called “functional” or “hard” chromium, is usually applied directly to the basis metal and is much thicker than decorative chromium. Engineering chromium is used for the following:1.2.1 To increase wear and abrasion resistance,1.2.2 To increase fretting resistance,1.2.3 To reduce static and kinetic friction,1.2.4 To reduce galling or seizing, or both, for various metal combinations,1.2.5 To increase corrosion resistance, and1.2.6 To build up undersize or worn parts.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The ability of a substrate surface to readily absorb water is a key indicator in determining how to correctly install many types of flooring adhesives, primers, self-leveling underlayments, and other products. Several flooring industry publications such as CRI’s Carpet Installation Standard, RFCI’s Recommended Installation Practice for Homogenous Sheet Flooring, Fully-Adhered, as well as most flooring, adhesive, primer, and underlayment manufacturers reference substrate surface porosity criteria in their application instructions since this directly impacts the spread rate of directly applied material, the open time, and other critical installation factors.5.2 Installing flooring products over low or non-absorptive (sometimes referred to as “non-porous”) substrates such as densely machine-troweled concrete, mature and well-hydrated concrete, existing resilient flooring, polymer terrazzo and others may require adjustments to the surface preparation method or product selection to ensure a successful installation.5.3 Use this practice to obtain a qualitative assessment of substrate water absorption (porosity) and whether or not that substrate should be regarded as porous/absorptive or non-porous/non-absorptive as these terms relate to the installation of resilient floor coverings, adhesives, self-leveling underlayments, primers, and other products. This practice will produce results directly applicable to determining appropriate surface preparation requirements in accordance with manufacturer’s specifications, but it is in no way meant to replace published manufacturer’s literature regarding the determination of substrate water absorption (porosity) and the impact such has, if any, on substrate preparation requirements and on the installation of their respective materials.5.4 Substrates that evidence immediate absorption, are chalky or dusty, or have varying degrees of absorption may require priming or other additional surface preparation prior to subsequent installations.5.5 Substrates that evidence no absorption may indicate the presence of a contaminant that may negatively impact proper adhesion. In such cases, bond tests performed in accordance with the particular manufacturer’s established guidelines are strongly recommended.5.6 The size, shape, and color of the water drop may indicate the presence of contaminants or other special circumstances that may require discussion with the manufacturer of the slab covering to be installed.5.7 Some surfaces such as concrete can become denser and less porous/less absorptive over time as the material continues to gain strength and densify. The results obtained reflect only the conditions of the substrate at the time and location of the test(s).1.1 This practice covers the determination of whether or not a substrate surface, in lieu of written instruction from a product manufacturer, is considered porous or non-porous prior to the installation of resilient flooring materials.1.2 Although carpet tiles, carpet, wood flooring, coatings, films, paints, self-leveling and trowel-grade underlayments, primers, and other associated products are not specifically intended to be included in the category of resilient floor coverings, the procedures included in this practice may be useful for assessing the substrate water absorption for substrates to receive such materials.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Some specific hazards statements are given in Section 6 on Hazards.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 This guide is intended as a reference for those concerned with the inspection of industrial coating work. The requirements for inspection should be addressed in all protective coating and lining work specifications. This guide may be used by specification writers when selecting and establishing the inspection requirements for coating and lining specifications. A checklist for use by inspectors in the field is included in Appendix X1.1.1 This guide is intended as an information aid to painting inspectors in carrying out their task efficiently. It includes the key elements of surface preparation, coatings application, and final approval for both field and shop work. The items should be selected that are pertinent to the specification of a particular job.NOTE 1: For additional helpful information, refer to the following documents:Manual of Coating Work for Light-Water Nuclear Power Plant Primary Containment and Other Safety-Related Facilities 2New Concepts for Coating Protection of Steel Structures3D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications4D4538 Terminology Relating to Protective Coatings and Lining Work for Power Generation Facilities4Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol 1 Good Painting Practice5Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol 2 Systems and Specifications5Manufacturers Specifications and Instructions (made available to the inspector for reference to special requirements for proper application)Safety Data Sheets (needed to ensure that personnel take necessary precautions in handling hazardous materials). Available from Materials manufacturer.1.2 Certain industries or owners may require certified inspection personnel. See Guide D4537 for establishing procedures to certify inspectors for coatings work in nuclear facilities.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This guide is arranged in the following order:  SectionReferenced Documents 2 ASTM Standards 2.1 OSHA Standards 2.2 Steel Structures Painting Council Publications 2.3 International Standards Organization (ISO) 2.4 ASTM Adjuncts 2.6 3Preparation for Inspection 4Surface Preparation Methods and Requirements 5 Surface Preparation 5.1 Pictorial Standard D2200 5.1.1 Factors Affecting Coating Performance 5.2 Cleanliness 5.2.1 Mill Scale 5.2.2 Surface Profile 5.2.3 Sharp Edges 5.2.4 Cleaning Procedures 5.3 Chemical Cleaning 5.3.1 Solvent Vapor Cleaning 5.3.1.1 Hand Tool Cleaning 5.3.2 Power Tool Cleaning 5.3.3 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal 5.3.4 Commercial Grade Power Tool Cleaning 5.3.4.4 Blast Cleaning 5.3.5 Pressurized Water Cleaning 5.3.6Cleaning and Preparation of Various Surfaces 5.4 Steel Surfaces 5.4.1 Galvanized Surfaces 5.4.2 Aluminum Surfaces 5.4.3Precautions in Preparing Unpainted and Previously   Painted Surfaces 5.4.4Inspection of Surfaces Prior to Field Painting 5.5 New Construction 5.5.1 Maintenance Repainting 5.5.2Coating Storage and Handling 6 Storage of Coating and Thinner 6.1 Mixing of Coatings 6.2 Thinning 6.3 Initial Samples 6.3.1 Thinning of Coating 6.3.2 Sampling of Thinned Coating 6.3.3 Heating of Coating 6.4Weather Considerations 7 Drying 7.1 Low Temperature 7.2 High Temperature 7.3 Moisture 7.4 Wind 7.5Coating Application 8 Residual Contaminants 8.1 Quality Assurance 8.2 Film Defects 8.2.1 Brush Application 8.3 Spray Application 8.4 Roller Application 8.5 Miscellaneous Methods 8.6 Rate of Application 8.7Additional Considerations 9 Ventilation 9.1 Shopcoat Repair 9.2 Painting Schedule 9.3 Film Integrity 9.4 Recoat Time 9.5 Coating System Failure 9.6Inspection Equipment 10 General 10.1 Surface Profile Gages 10.1.1 Adhesion of Existing Coating 10.1.2 Portable Pull-Off Adhesion Testers 10.1.3 Field Inspection Equipment 10.2 Drying and Curing Times 10.2.1 Thermometers 10.2.1.1 Relative Humidity and Dew Point 10.2.1.2 Wet-Film Thickness Gages 10.2.2 Interchemical Gage 10.2.2.1 Notched Gage 10.2.2.2 Dry-Film Thickness Gages 10.2.3 Nondestructive Film Thickness Gages 10.2.3.1 Magnetic-Type Gages 10.2.3.2 Current-Type Gages 10.2.3.3 Destructive Thickness Gage 10.2.3.4 Holiday Detectors 10.2.4Comparison of Surface Preparation   Specifications Table 1Comparison of Water Jetting Standards Table 2Inspection Checklist Appendix X11.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The procedure described in this test method is designed to provide a method by which the coating weight of zirconium treatments on metal substrates may be determined.4.2 This test method is applicable for determination of the total coating weight and the zirconium coating weight of a zirconium-containing treatment.1.1 This test method covers the use of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry for the determination of the mass of zirconium (Zr) coating weight per unit area of metal substrates.1.2 Coating treatments can also be expressed in units of linear thickness provided that the density of the coating is known, or provided that a calibration curve has been established for thickness determination using standards with treatment matching this of test specimens to be analyzed. For simplicity, the method will subsequently refer to the determination expressed as coating weight.1.3 XRF is applicable for the determination of the coating weight as zirconium or total coating weight of a zirconium containing treatment, or both, on a variety of metal substrates.1.4 The maximum measurable coating weight for a given coating is that weight beyond which the intensity of the characteristic X-ray radiation from the coating or the substrate is no longer sensitive to small changes in weight.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Failure of hybrid microcircuits is often due to failure of a solder bond. The limiting strength that can be obtained for a solder bond is often the adhesion of the soldered film to the substrate.This test method can be used for material selection, process development, research in support of improved yield or reliability, and specification for material procurement.It is not recommended that this test method be used in deciding questions between buyers and sellers until the precision of the method has been determined by interlaboratory comparison.1.1 This test method covers the determination of the adhesion strength of films to substrates by pulling wires soldered to the films.1.2 This test method is intended to measure the adhesion of metallization to substrates, and not the strength of the solder.1.3 This test method applies to all films that can be soldered.1.4 The maximum melting point of solder used with this test method is determined by the characteristics of the solder flux.1.5 This test method is destructive.1.6 This standard does not purport to address the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whoever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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5.1 Palladium and gold coatings are often specified for the contacts of separable electrical connectors and other devices. Electrodeposits are the form of gold that is most used on contacts, although it is also employed as inlay or clad metal and as weldments on the contact surface. The intrinsic nobility of gold and palladium alloys enables it to resist the formation of insulating oxide films that could interfere with reliable contact operation.5.2 In order for these coatings to function as intended, porosity, cracks, and other defects in the coating that expose base-metal substrates and underplates must be minimal or absent, except in those cases where it is feasible to use the contacts in structures that shield the surface from the environment or where corrosion inhibiting surface treatments for the deposit are employed. The level of porosity in the coating that may be tolerable depends on the severity of the environment to the underplate or substrate, design factors for the contact device like the force with which it is mated, circuit parameters, and the reliability of contact operation that it is necessary to maintain. Also, when present, the location of pores on the surface is important. If the pores are few in number and are outside of the zone of contact of the mating surfaces, their presence can often be tolerated.5.3 Methods for determining pores on a contact surface are most suitable if they enable their precise location and numbers to be determined. Contact surfaces are often curved or irregular in shape, and testing methods should be suitable for them. In addition, the severity of porosity-determining tests may vary from procedures capable of detecting all porosity to procedures that detect only highly porous conditions.5.4 The present test practice is capable of detecting virtually all porosity or other defects that could participate in corrosion reactions with the substrate or underplate. In addition, it can be used on contacts having complex geometry such as pin-socket contacts (although with deep recesses it is preferred that the contact structures be opened to permit reaction of the vapors with the interior significant surfaces).5.5 The relationship of porosity levels revealed by particular tests to contact behavior must be made by the user of these tests through practical experience or by other forms of testing. Thus, absence of porosity in the coating may be a requirement for some applications, while a few pores in the contact zone may be acceptable for others. The acceptable number, sizes and locations of the pore corrosion products shall be as specified on the appropriate drawing or specification.5.6 This test is considered destructive in that it reveals the presence of porosity by contaminating the surface with corrosion products and by undercutting the coating at pore sites or at the boundaries of the unplated areas. Any parts exposed to this test shall not be placed in service.5.7 The test is simple and inexpensive. The cost associated with the test is very low, using standard basic equipment found in an industrial laboratory. There are minimal waste disposal issues associated with the procedure. The test is very popular because of its very quick means of assessing the likelihood of plating quality problems, prior to the performance of accelerated environmental testing on the 1 to 2 week scale at much greater expense.1.1 This test practice covers equipment and methods for revealing the porosity of gold and palladium coatings, particularly electrodeposits and clad metals used on electrical contacts.1.2 This test practice is suitable for coatings containing gold or 75 % by mass of palladium on substrates of copper, nickel, and their alloys, which are commonly used in electrical contacts.1.3 A variety of full porosity testing methods is described in the literature.2,3 These porosity Test Methods are B735, B741, B798, B799, and B809. An ASTM Guide to the selection of porosity tests for electrodeposits and related metallic coatings is available as Guide B765.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazards, see Section 6.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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