4.1 This guide is intended as a summary of safety practices in the metallography laboratory. It can be used as a training reference for those new to the field of metallography and as a refresher to those who are experienced.4.2 This guide is not intended to be inclusive of all safety concerns encountered in a metallographic laboratory. Several books that provide safety information are available (1-15).54.3 Before operating any equipment, it is advisable to read and understand the accompanying manuals and to follow any specified safety guidelines.4.4 Safety data sheets (SDS) for chemicals being used in a laboratory should be on file and readily accessible. When working with any chemicals, especially for the first time, one should review the SDS supplied by the manufacturer and follow any safety guidelines suggested. The most current and applicable SDS should be on file for a given product or chemical.1.1 This guide outlines the basic safety guidelines to be used in a metallographic laboratory. Safe working habits are discussed for various tasks performed in a metallographic laboratory.1.2 The sections appear in the following order:  Section 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3 4General 5Heat Treating 6Specimen Preparation/Sectioning 7Specimen Mounting 8Mechanical Grinding/Polishing 9Chemical Safety 10Electrolytic Polishing/Etching 11Sulfur Printing 12Laboratory Ventilation/Fume Hoods 13Chemical Spills 14Photography 15X ray/Electron Microscopy 16Laboratory Ergonomics 17Disposal of Residues 18Keywords 191.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Differential scanning calorimetry provides a rapid method for determining the transformation temperature(s) of nickel-titanium shape memory alloys.5.2 This test method uses small, stress-free, annealed samples to determine whether a sample of nickel-titanium alloy containing nominally 54.5 to 57.0 % nickel by weight is austenitic or martensitic at a particular temperature. Since chemical analysis of these alloys does not have sufficient precision to determine the transformation temperature by measuring the nickel-to-titanium ratio of the alloy, direct measurement of the transformation temperature of an annealed sample of known thermal history is recommended.5.3 This test method is useful for quality control, specification acceptance, and research.5.4 Transformation temperatures derived from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) may not agree with those obtained by other test methods due to the effects of strain and load on the transformation. For example, transformation temperatures measured in accordance with Test Method F2082 will differ from those measured by the current standard.5.5 The use of this test method for finished or semi-finished components without annealing (as in 8.2) shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier.1.1 This test method defines procedures for determining the transformation temperatures of nickel-titanium shape memory alloys, produced in accordance with Specification F2063, by differential scanning calorimetry.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

5.1 Volatility of a material is not an equilibrium thermodynamic property but is a characteristic of a material related to a thermodynamic property that is vapor pressure. It is influenced by such factors as surface area, temperature, particle size, and purge gas flow rate; that is, it is diffusion controlled.5.2 The extent of containment achieved for specimens in these test methods by means of a pinhole opening between 0.33 mm to 0.38 mm allows for measurement circumstances that are relatively insensitive to experimental variables other than temperature. Decreasing the extent of containment by use of pinholes larger than 0.38 mm will increase the magnitude of the observed rate of mass loss but will also reduce the measurement precision by increasing the sensitivity to variations in other experimental variables.5.3 Results obtained by these test methods are not strictly equivalent to those experienced in processing or handling conditions but may be used to rank materials for their volatility in such circumstances. Therefore, the volatility rates determined by these test methods should be considered as index values only.5.4 The volatility rate may be used to estimate such quantifiable values as drying interval or the extent of volatile release from a process.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for assessing the volatility of solids and liquids at given temperatures using thermogravimetry under prescribed experimental conditions. Results of these test methods are obtained as volatility rates expressed as mass per unit time. Rates ≥5 μg/min are achievable with these test methods.1.2 Temperatures typical for these test methods are within the range from 25 °C to 500 °C. This temperature range may differ depending upon the instrumentation used.1.3 These test methods are intended to provide a value for the volatility rate of a sample using a thermogravimetric analysis measurement on a single representative specimen. It is the responsibility of the user of these test methods to determine the need for and the number of repetitive measurements on fresh specimens necessary to satisfy end use requirements.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

This specification establishes testing procedures and critical characteristics of 0.68 caliber paintballs which help define whether a paintball is suitable for use in the sport of paintball. Furthermore, the specification establishes minimum warning and package labeling to help ensure that the paintballs are used in a safe manner and that the risk of injury is reduced. Tests shall be performed to conform with the requirements specified in accordance with the following test methods: paintball compatibility with polycarbonate and paintball impact breakage test.1.1 This specification establishes testing procedures and critical characteristics for projectiles, which define whether they are suitable for use in the sport of paintball. Furthermore, the specification establishes minimum warning and package labeling requirements to help ensure that the paintballs are used in a safe manner and that the risk of injury is reduced.1.2 This specification does not cover non-recreational paintballs, for example, those used by law enforcement, scientific, military, or theatrical entities.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The information provided in this standard guide is intended for use by designers and specifiers of siphonic roof drainage systems and their related components. Specifically, this guide addresses the use and limitations of plastic pipe and fittings in siphonic roof drainage systems where internal operating pressures are typically sub-atmospheric.1.1 This guide covers design and installation considerations for plastic siphonic roof drain systems for industrial, commercial, public, and residential buildings. Requirements for materials, pipe, and fittings are included.1.2 The interchangeability of pipe and fittings made by different manufacturers is not addressed in this guide. Transition fittings for joining pipe and fittings of different manufacturers is provided for in the referenced pipe and fitting specification.1.3 In referee decisions, the SI units shall be used for metric-sized pipe and inch-pound units for pipe sized in the IPS system (ANSI B36.10). In all cases, the values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

3.1 Synthetic plasticizers are primarily esters and they are used with the more polar elastomers such as CR or NBR to improve processing, adjust hardness, and improve low temperature properties. These esters may be either monomeric or polymeric and are derived from many different organic acids.3.2 These test methods may be used in establishing and confirming quality control standards for the synthetic plasticizers used in rubber compounding. It is not implied that the test methods in this guide are the only ones of significance, but these test methods list the properties most commonly specified for ester plasticizers. Other parameters may be needed for specific application of these materials.1.1 This guide covers test methods for synthetic plasticizers that are used in rubber applications.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

This specification establishes requirements for an alloy having a composition of copper, tin, lead, and zinc which is used for component castings of valves, flanges, and fittings. The specimen shall have the chemical composition of major elements: copper, tin, lead zinc, nickel including cobalt. It must also be comprised of the following residual elements: iron, antimony, sulfur, phosphorus, aluminum, and silicon. Mechanical properties shall be determined from separately cast test bars. Castings shall not be repaired, plugged, welded or burned-in. Valves, flanges, and fittings shall be marked accordingly in such position as not to injure the usefulness of the casting.1.1 This specification2 establishes requirements for an alloy having a composition of copper, tin, lead, and zinc, used for component castings of valves, flanges, and fittings. The common trade name of this alloy is 85-5-5-5; the correct identification is Copper Alloy UNS No. C83600.31.2 The castings covered are used in products that may be manufactured in advance and supplied from stock from the manufacturer or other dealer.1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 515元 / 折扣价： 438 元 加购物车

5.1 This test method evaluates the relative sensitivity of materials to mechanical impact in ambient pressure liquid oxygen, pressurized liquid oxygen, and pressurized gaseous oxygen.5.2 Any change or variation in test sample configuration, thickness, preparation, or cleanliness may cause a significant change in impact sensitivity/reaction threshold.5.3 Suggested criteria for discontinuing the tests are: (1) occurrence of two reactions in a maximum of 60 samples or less tested at the maximum energy level of 98 J (72 ft•lbf) or one reaction in a maximum of 20 samples tested at any other energy level for a material that fails; (2) no reactions for 20 samples tested at the 98-J (72-ft•lbf) energy level; or (3) a maximum of one reaction in 60 samples tested at the maximum energy level.1.1 This test method2 describes test equipment and techniques to determine the impact sensitivity of materials in oxygen under two different conditions: (1) in ambient pressure liquid oxygen (LOX) or (2) under pressure-controlled conditions in LOX or gaseous oxygen (GOX). It is applicable to materials for use in LOX or GOX systems at pressures from ambient to 68.9 MPa (0 to 10 000 psig). The test method described herein addresses testing with pure oxygen environments; however, other oxygen-enriched fluids may be substituted throughout this document.1.2 This test method provides a means for ranking nonmetallic materials as defined in Guide G63 for use in liquid and gaseous oxygen systems and may not be directly applicable to the determination of the sensitivity of the materials in an end-use configuration. This test method may be used to provide batch-to batch acceptance data. This test method may provide a means for evaluating metallic materials in oxygen-enriched atmospheres also; however, Guide G94 should be consulted for preferred testing methods.1.3 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See also Section 9.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 1011元 / 折扣价： 860 元 加购物车

This specification covers UNS M11311, M11610, M11800, or M16600 magnesium alloy forgings. The conformance of each material to the required chemical composition can be determined using any suitable method of chemical analysis. Samples for chemical analysis should be taken when the ingots are poured or from the finished or semi-finished products by drilling, sawing, milling, turning, or clipping. The variations in testing speed do not seriously affect the obtained tensile property values. However, care must be exercised so that the testing speed does not exceed the ability of the equipment to function satisfactorily. Unless specified, forgings should be chrome pickled before shipment.1.1 This specification covers magnesium alloy forgings designated as shown in Table 1.(A) Limits are in weight percent maximum unless shown as a range or stated otherwise.(B) These alloy designations were established in accordance with Practice B951.(C) Includes listed elements for which no specific limit is shown.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standard. The SI values in parentheses are provided for information only.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车

4.1 The inclusion of the following paragraph, or a suitable equivalent, in any standard (preferably after the section on ) is due notification that the apparatus and reagents required in that standard are subject to the recommendations set forth in these practices.  “Apparatus and Reagents—Apparatus and reagents required for each determination are listed in separate sections preceding the procedure. Apparatus, standard solutions, and certain other reagents shall conform to the requirements prescribed in ASTM Practices E50, for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials.”  TABLE 1 Chemical Reagents Specified in ASTM Methods for Chemical Analysis of MetalsName Formula* Acetic acid CH3COOHAcetone CH3COCH3Acetylacetone (2,4-pentanedione) CH3COCH2COCH3Alizarin-Red-S C6H4COC6H-1,2-(OH)2-3-SO3NaCOAluminon (aurintricarboxylic acid-ammonium salt) (4-HOC6H3-3-COONH4)2C:C6H-3-(COONH4):OAluminum metal (99.9 % min) Al* Aluminum metal (sheet or rolled foil) AlAluminum ammonium sulfate Al2(NH4)2(SO4)4·24H2OAluminum nitrate Al(NO3)3·9H2OAluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3·18H2OAluminum oxide, fused (Alundum)  1-Amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid NH2C10H5(OH)SO3HAmmonium acetate CH3COONH4Ammonium benzoate C6H5COONH4Ammonium bifluoride NH4FHFAmmonium bisulfate NH4HSO4Ammonium bisulfite NH4HSO3Ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3* Ammonium chloride NH4Cl* Ammonium citrate CH2(COONH4)C(OH)(COOH)CH2COONH4Ammonium fluoride NH4F* Ammonium hydroxideA NH4OHAmmonium iodide NH4IAmmonium molybdate (NH4)2MoO4* Ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2OAmmonium nitrate NH4NO3* Ammonium oxalate NH4OCOCOONH4·H2O* Ammonium phosphate, dibasic (diammonium acid phosphate) (NH4)2HPO4* Ammonium persulfate (ammonium peroxydisulfate) (NH4)2S2O8* Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4* Ammonium tartrate NH4OCO(CHOH)2COONH4Ammonium thiocyanate NH4SCNAmmonium vanadate NH4VO3Antimony metal (powder) SbAntimony trichloride SbCl3* Arsenic trioxide As2O3Asbestos (for use with Gooch crucible)     Barium Chloride BaCl2·2H2OBarium diphenylamine sulfonate (C6H5NHC6H4-4-SO3)2Ba* Benzoic acid C6H5COOHα-Benzoin oxime (benzoin anti-oxime) C6H5CHOHC:NOHC6H5Beryllium sulfate BeSO4·4H2OBismuth metal (99.9 % min) BiBoric acid H3BO3Bromocresol green (3′,3",5′,5"-tetrabromo-m-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H-3,5-Br2-2-CH3-4-OH)2Bromocresol purple (5′,5"-Dibromo-o-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H2-3-CH3-5-Br-4-OH)2Bromine (liquid) Br2Bromophenol blue (3′,3",5′,5"-tetrabromophenolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H2-3,5-Br2-4-OH)21-Butanol CH3CH2CH2CH2OHButyl acetate (normal) CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3   * Cadmium chloride CdCl2·21/2 H2OCadmium chloride, anhydrous CdCl2* † Calcium carbonate (low-boron) CaCO3Carbon dioxide (gas) CO2Carbon dioxide (solid) CO2Carbon tetrachloride CCl4Carminic acid 1,3,4-(HO)3-2-C6H11O6C6COC6H-5-COOH-6-OH-8-CH3CO* Chloroform CHCl3Cinchonine C19H22N2OCitric acid HOC(COOH)(CH2COOH)2Cobalt metal CoCobalt sulfate CoSO4Coke  Congo red test paper  Copper metal (99.9 % min) Cu* Copper metal (powder or turnings) CuCopper metal (P-free) CuCopper metal (Mn, Ni, and Co-free, less than 0.001 % of each) CuCopper-rare earth oxide mixture  m-Cresol purple (m-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H3-2-CH3-4-OH)2Cupferron C6H5N(NO)ONH4Cupric chloride CuCl2·2H2O* Cupric nitrate Cu(NO3)2·3H2O* Cupric oxide (powder) CuOCupric potassium chloride CuCl2·2KCl·2H2O* Cupric sulfate CuSO4·5H2OCurcumin (2-CH3OC6H3-1-OH-4-CH:CHCO)2CH2   Devarda's alloy 50Cu-45Al-5ZnDiethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ([[(carboxymethyl)imino]bis(ethylenenenitrilo)] tetraacetic acid) ((HOCOCH2)2NCH2CH2)2NCH2COOH* Dimethylglyoxime CH3C:NOHC:NOHCH3N,N′ Diphenylbenzidine C6H5NHC6H4C6H4NHC6H5Diphenylcarbazide (1,5-diphenylcarbohydrazide) C6H5NHNHCONHNHC6H5* Disodium (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetate dihydrate See (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium saltDithiol (toluene-3,4-dithiol) CH3C6H3(SH)2Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone) C6H5NHNHCSN:NC6H5   Eriochrome black-T (1(1-hydroxy-2-naphthylazo)-6-nitro-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt) 1-HOC10H6-2-N:N-1-C10H4-2-OH-4-SO3Na-6-NO2* EDTA (Disodium salt) See (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium salt* Ethanol C2H5OH* Ethyl ether (diethyl ether) C2H5OC2H5* (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium salt HOCOCH2(NaOCOCH2)NCH2N(CH2COONa)CH2COOH·2H2OEthylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-methoxy-ethanol) CH3OCH2CH2OH   * Ferric chloride FeCl3·6H2O* Ferric nitrate Fe(NO3)3·9H2OFerric sulfate Fe2(SO4)3·nH2O* Ferrous ammonium sulfate Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O* Ferrous sulfate FeSO4·7H2OFluoroboric acid HBF4Fluorescein, sodium salt 2NaOCOC6H4C:C6H3-3(:O)OC6H3-6-ONaFormaldehyde HCHO* Formic acidA HCOOH   Gelatin  Graphite CGlass wool  Glycerol CH2OHCHOHCH2OH   Hydrazine sulfate NH2NH2·H2SO4* Hydrobromic acidA HBr* Hydrochloric acidA HCl* Hydrofluoric acidA HFHydrogen chloride gas HCl* Hydrogen peroxide H2O2Hydrogen sulfide gas H2SHydroquinone 1,4-(OH)2C6H4* Hydroxylamine hydrochloride NH2OH·HCl* Hypophosphorous acidB H3PO2   Invert sugar  * Iodine I2Iron metal or wire (99.8 % min) FeIsopropyl ether (CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)2   Lead metal Pb* Lead acetate Pb(CH3COO)2Lead chloride PbCl2* Lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2Litmus  Lithium fluoride LiF   Magnesium metal (Sn-free) MgMagnesium perchlorate, anhydrous Mg(ClO4)2* Magnesium sulfate MgSO4·7H2OManganese metal (99.8 % min) MnManganous nitrate Mn(NO3)2Manganous sulfate MnSO4·H2OMannitol CH2OH(CHOH)4CH2OHMarble chips  * Mercuric chloride HgCl2* Mercury Hg* Methanol CH3OHMethyl isobutyl ketone (4-methyl-2-pentanone) CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2* Methyl orange (p[[p-dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt) 4-NaOSO2C6H4N:NC6H4-4-N(CH3)2Methyl purple formula unknown, patented* Methyl red (o -[[(p-dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzoic acid) 4-(CH3)2NC6H4N:NC6H4-2-COOHMolybdenum metal (99.8 % min) MoMolybdic acid, anhydride (molybdenum trioxide) MoO3Molybdic acid (ammonium paramolybdate) Assay: as MoO3—85 %Morin, anhydrous (2′,3,4′,7-penta hydroxyflavone) 5,7-(HO)2C6H2 OC(C6H3-2,4-(OH)2):C(OH)CO   β-Naphthoquinoline (5,6-benzoquinoline) C10H6CH:CHCH:NNeocuproine (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) (CH3)2C12H6N2·12H2ONickel metal (99.8 % min) NiNickel metal (sheet) NiNickelous nitrate Ni(NO3)2·6H2ONickelous sulfate NiSO4·6H2O* Nitric acidA HNO3Nitrogen gas (oxygen-free) N2Nitrogen, liquid N2m-Nitrophenol NO2C6H4OH1-Nitroso-2-naphthol(α-nitroso-β-naphthol) NOC10H6OHNitroso-R-salt (1-nitroso-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt) 1-NOC10H4-2-(OH)-3,6-(SO3Na)2   Osmium tetraoxide OsO4Oxalic acid (COOH)2Oxygen gas O2   * Perchloric acidA HClO41,10-Phenanthroline (o -phenanthroline) CH:CHCH:NC:CCH:CHC:CN:CHCH:CH·H2O* Phenolphthalein C6H4COOC(C6H4-4-OH)2* Phosphoric acid H3PO4Piperidine NH(CH2)4CH2Platinized quartz  Platinized silica gel  Platinum gauze Pt* Potassium biphthalate 1-KOCOC6H4-2-COOHPotassium bisulfate KHSO4* Potassium bromate KBrO3* Potassium bromide KBr* Potassium chlorate KClO3* Potassium chloride KCl* Potassium chromate K2CrO4Potassium columbate 4K2O·3Cb2O5·16H2O* Potassium cyanide KCN* Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7* Potassium ferricyanide K3Fe(CN)6Potassium ferrocyanide K4Fe(CN)6·3H2O* Potassium fluoride KF·2H2O* Potassium hydroxide KOH* Potassium iodate KIO3* Potassium iodide KIPotassium iodide starch paper  * Potassium nitrate KNO3* Potassium m-periodate KIO4* Potassium permanganate KMnO4Potassium persulfate K2S2O8Potassium phosphate, monobasic KH2PO4* Potassium pyrosulfate K2S2O7* Potassium sulfate K2SO4Potassium tantalum fluoride K2TaFPotassium thiocarbonate K2CS3* Potassium thiocyanate KSCNPyrogallic acid (pyrogallol) C6H3-1,3-(OH)3   Quinine sulfate (C20H24N2O2)2·H2SO4·2H2O8-Quinolinol (8-hydroxyquinoline) HOC6H3N:CHCH:CH   Sebacic acid HOCO(CH2)8COOHSelenium (powder) SeSilicon dioxide (silica) SiO2* Silver nitrate AgNO3Soda-lime  Soda-mica mineral (CO2 absorbent)  Sodium acetate CH3COONaSodium arsenite NaAsO2Sodium azide NaN3* Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3* Sodium bismuthate NaBiO3Sodium bisulfate see sodium hydrogen sulfate* Sodium bisulfate, fused see sodium hydrogen sulfate, fusedSodium bisulfite NaHSO3* Sodium borate Na2B4O7·10H2O* Sodium carbonate, anhydrous Na2CO3Sodium chlorate NaClO3Sodium chloride NaClSodium citrate HOC(COONa)(CH2COONa)2·2H2OSodium cyanide NaCNSodium diethyldithiocarbamate (C2H5)2NCSSNa·3H2OSodium dimethylglyoximate CH3C(:NONa)C(:NONa)CH3·8H2OSodium diphenylamine sulfonate C6H5NHC6H4-4-SO3NaSodium dithionite (hydrosulfite) Na2S2O4* Sodium fluoride NaFSodium hydrogen sulfate NaHSO4Sodium hydrogen sulfate, fused A mixture of Na2S2O7 and NaHSO4* Sodium hydroxide NaOHSodium hypophosphite NaH2PO2·H2OSodium molybdate Na2MoO4·2H2OSodium nitrate NaNO3Sodium nitrite NaNO2Sodium oxalate NaOCOCOONaSodium perchlorate NaClO4Sodium peroxide Na2O2Sodium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous Na2HPO4Sodium pyrophosphate Na4P2O7·10H2OSodium pyrosulfate Na2S2O7Sodium sulfate, anhydrous Na2SO4Sodium sulfide Na2S·9H2OSodium sulfite Na2SO3·7H2OSodium sulfite, anhydrous Na2SO3Sodium thiocyanate NaSCN* Sodium thiosulfate Na2S2O3·5H2O* Sodium tungstate Na2WO4·2H2O* Stannous chloride SnCl2·2H2O* Starch (C6H10O5)xSuccinic acid HOCOCH2CH2COOHSulfamic acid NH2SO3HSulfatoceric acid (ceric sulfate) H4Ce(SO4)45-Sulfosalicylic acid 2-HOC6H3-1-COOH-5-SO3H·2H2OSulfur dioxide gas SO2* Sulfuric acidA H2SO4* Sulfurous acidA H2SO3   Talc  * Tartaric acid HOCO(CHOH)2COOHTest lead PbTetrapropylammonium hydroxide (CH3CH2CH2)4NOHThioglycollic acid (mercaptoacetic acid) CH2SHCOOHThiourea NH2CSNH2Tin metal (99.9 %min) SnTitanium dioxide TiO2Titanium metal (low Sn) TiTriethanolamine (2,2′,2"-nitrilotriethanol) (CH2OHCH2)3N   Uranium oxide U3O8* Uranyl nitrate UO2(NO3)2·6H2OUrea NH2CONH2   Zinc (99.9 % min) ZnZinc metal (S-free) ZnZinc oxide ZnOZinc sulfate ZnSO4·7H2OZirconium oxide ZrO2Zirconium metal ZrZirconyl chloride ZrOCl2·8H2O(A) * Reagent on which ACS specifications exist.† ACS specification exists but does not cover all requirements.For concentration of laboratory reagent, see Table 2.(B) Contains at least 50 % H3PO2.4.2 It is assumed that the users of these practices will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly-equipped laboratory.1.1 These practices cover laboratory apparatus and reagents that are required for the chemical analysis of metals, ores and related materials by standard methods of ASTM. Detailed descriptions of recommended apparatus and detailed instructions for the preparation of standard solutions and certain nonstandardized reagents will be found listed or specified in the individual methods of analysis. Included here are general recommendations on the purity of reagents and protective measures for the use of hazardous reagents.1.2 These recommendations are intended to apply to the ASTM methods of chemical analysis of metals when definite reference is made to these practices, as covered in Section 4.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards are given in Section 8.NOTE 1: The use of the verb “shall” (with its obligatory third person meaning) in this standard has been confined to those aspects of laboratory safety where regulatory requirements are known to exist. Such regulations, however, are beyond the scope of these practices.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 The significance of this test method in any overall measurement program directed toward a service application will depend on the relative match of test conditions to the conditions of the service application.5.2 This test method seeks only to prescribe the general test procedure and method of calculating and reporting data. The choice of test operating parameters is left to the user. A fixed amount of sliding distance must be used because wear is usually non-linear with distance in this test.1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of materials to sliding wear. The test utilizes a block-on-ring friction and wear testing machine to rank pairs of materials according to their sliding wear characteristics under various conditions.1.2 An important attribute of this test is that it is very flexible. Any material that can be fabricated into, or applied to, blocks and rings can be tested. Thus, the potential materials combinations are endless. However, the interlaboratory testing has been limited to metals. In addition, the test can be run with various lubricants, liquids, or gaseous atmospheres, as desired, to simulate service conditions. Rotational speed and load can also be varied to better correspond to service requirements.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. Wear test results are reported as the volume loss in cubic millimetres for both the block and ring. Materials of higher wear resistance will have lower volume loss.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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5.1 This test method for the chemical analysis of nickel and nickel alloys is primarily intended to test material for compliance with specifications such as those under jurisdiction of ASTM committee B02. It may also be used to test compliance with other specifications that are compatible with the test method.5.2 It is assumed that all who use this method will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely, and that the work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.5.3 This is a performance-based method that relies more on the demonstrated quality of the test result than on strict adherence to specific procedural steps. It is expected that laboratories using this method will prepare their own work instructions. These work instructions will include detailed operating instructions for the specific laboratory, the specific reference materials employed, and performance acceptance criteria. It is also expected that, when applicable, each laboratory will participate in proficiency test programs, such as described in Practice E2027, and that the results from the participating laboratory will be satisfactory.1.1 This test method describes the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric analysis of nickel and nickel allys, as specified by Committee B02, and having chemical compositions within the following limits:Element Application Range (Mass Fraction %)Aluminum 0. 01–6.00Boron 0. 01–0.10Carbon 0. 01–0.15Chromium 0. 01–33.00Copper 0.01–35.00Cobalt 0. 01–20.00Iron 0.05–50.00Magnesium 0. 01–0.020Molybdenum 0. 01–30.0Niobium 0. 01–6.0Nickel 25.00–100.0Phosphorous 0.001–0.025Silicon 0.01–1.50Sulfur 0.0001–0.01Titanium 0.0001–6.0Tungsten 0.01–5.0Vanadium 0.0005–1.01.2 The following elements may be determined using this method.Element Quantification Range (μg/g)Antimony 0.5–50Bismuth 0.1–11Gallium 2.9–54Lead 0.4–21Silver 1–35Tin 2.2–97Thallium 0.5–3.01.3 This method has only been interlaboratory tested for the elements and ranges specified. It may be possible to extend this method to other elements or different composition ranges provided that method validation that includes evaluation of method sensitivity, precision, and bias as described in this document is performed. Additionally, the validation study must evaluate the acceptability of sample preparation methodology using reference materials and/or spike recoveries. The user is cautioned to carefully evaluate the validation data as to the intended purpose of the analytical results. Guide E2857 provides additional guidance on method validation.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific safety hazard statements are given in Section 9.

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5.1 Pore volume distribution curves obtained from nitrogen sorption isotherms provide one of the best means of characterizing the pore structure in porous catalysts, provided that the limitations of the method are kept in mind. Used in conjunction with the BET treatment for surface area determination (5), these methods provide an indispensable means for studying the structure associated with pores usually important in catalysts. This practice is particularly useful in studying changes in a series of closely related samples caused by treatments, such as heat, compression, or extrusion often used in catalyst manufacturing. Pore volume distribution curves can often provide valuable information during mechanistic studies dealing with catalyst deactivation.1.1 This practice covers the calculation of pore size distributions for catalysts and catalyst carriers from nitrogen desorption isotherms. The computational procedure is particularly useful for determining how the pore volume is distributed in catalyst samples containing pores whose sizes range from approximately 1.5 to 100 nm (15 to 1000 Å) in radius. It should be used with caution when applied to isotherms for samples containing pores both within this size range and pores larger than 100 nm (1000 Å) in radius. In such instances the isotherms rise steeply near P/Po  = 1 and the total pore volume cannot be well defined. The calculations should begin at a point on the isotherm near saturation preferably in a region near P/Po  = 0.99, establishing an upper limit on the pore size distribution range to be studied. Simplifications are necessary regarding pore shape. A cylindrical pore model is assumed, and the method treats the pores as non-intersecting, open-ended capillaries which are assumed to function independently of each other during the adsorption or desorption of nitrogen.NOTE 1: This practice is designed primarily for manual computation and a few simplifications have been made for this purpose. For computer computation, the simplified expressions may be replaced by exact expressions.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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This specification covers a group of general requirements for wrought seamless copper and copper alloy tube. The material shall be produced by either hot or cold working operations, or both, and shall be finished, unless otherwise specified, by such cold working and annealing or heat treatment as necessary to meet the properties specified. Dimensional requirements such as wall thickness are specified. The sampling requirements including lot size, portion size, and selection of sample pieces are given. Requirements for chemical analysis, and tension, microscopical examination, Rockwell hardness, grain size, expansion (pin), mercurous nitrate, and electrical resistivity tests are detailed. The material shall conform to the prescribed chemical composition, hardness, electrical resistivity, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and grain size.1.1 This specification covers a group of general requirements common to several wrought product specifications. Unless otherwise specified in the purchase order, or in an individual specification, these general requirements shall apply to copper and copper-alloy tube supplied under Specifications B68/B68M, B75/B75M, B135/B135M, B466/B466M, B643 and B743.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification covers the quality requirements for cut sizes of architectural flat glass clad polycarbonate (GCP) for use in buildings as security, detention, hurricane/cyclic wind-resistant, and blast and ballistic-resistant glazing applications. Architectural polycarbonates furnished under this specification shall be of the following kinds: Kind GCP, single core (SC); Kind GCP, multiple core (MC); and Kind GCP, others (O). The polycarbonates shall be examined by means of the following: security test; impact test for safety glazing; missile impact and cyclic pressure test; security glazing test; airblast loading test; detention glazing test; bullet resisting glazing test; burglary resisting test; visual inspection; and transmittance test. The materials shall also adhere to specified size and dimensional requirements, and maximum allowable blemishes in form of bubbles, edge boil blow-ins, fuses, single strand lint hairs, inside dirt spots, areas of concentrated lint, delamination and discoloration, short interlayer and unlaminated area chips, streaks and scuffs, white scratches, carbon specks, and crizzles.1.1 This specification covers the quality requirements for cut sizes of glass clad polycarbonate (GCP) for use in buildings as security, detention, hurricane/cyclic wind-resistant, blast and ballistic-resistant glazing applications.1.2 Optical distortion and the evaluation thereof are not currently within the scope of the standard. Mockups are recommended as a method to evaluate glass. (See Appendix X3.)1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车