This standard specifies the determination of loss of ignition (LOI),SO3,insoluble residue (IR),SiO2,Fe2O3,Al2O3,CaO,MgO,TiO2,Cl-,K2O,Na2O,S2-,MnO,P2O5,CO2,ZnO,F-,free calcium oxide (fCaO),and SrO by chemical analysis methods of cement,X-ray fluorescence analysis method and inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry.The chemical analysis methods of cement are divided into reference method and alternative method.If multiple determination methods are listed for the same composition,the reference method shall prevail in case of any disputes.
This document describes methods which apply principally to common portland cement,but which can also be applied to its clinker and raw meal.They can also be applied to other kinds of cement and materials,the standards for which call up these methods.
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本标准规定了一种判别两类产品之间是否存在感官差异的方法。该方法适用于单一或多个感官属性的差异判别。
在感官分析中“A”-“非A”检验可用于:
a) 差别检验:特别适用于例如在外观(重复样品的外观很难被制备成完全一致)或后味(样品间有后味差异使得直接比较有难度)上有差异的样品;
b) 识别测试:特别适用于判定评价员或评价小组能否识别出与已知刺激有关的新刺激物(如,识别新甜味剂的甜味品质);
c) 感觉测试:用于判定评价员辨别刺激的能力。
“A”-“非A”检验不适用于判别两类产品是否相似到可以互换使用(譬如用于相似检验),因为“A”-“非A”检验的实质为所有评价员对同一产品的重复评价,而这种重复的评价违背了相似检验在统计学上具有有效性的基本假设。
其应用示例参见附录A。
注: Bi和Ennis指出在测试中不管重复评价如何实施,“A”与“非A”样品之间的差别度d′是不变的,但是d′的方差取决于重复评价的具体实施形式。本标准未对“A”-“非A”方法的Thurstonian分析及检验效力展开讨论,感兴趣的读者可查阅参考文献[1]对该主题的详细讨论。
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This document specifies the basic requirements for chemical analysis methods of clay components,including sample preparation and sampling,chemical analysis methods,X-ray fluorescence spectrometry,inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry,and tolerances for measurement results.This document is applicable to the chemical composition analysis of natural clay.
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