1.1 This practice outlines procedures for relating results from test methods to a practical basis, that is, analytical traceability. It explores strategies to ensure the accuracy of a test method and to document reliability of results obtained in individual laboratories.

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3.1 Caustic soda and caustic potash are used in a large number of manufacturing processes. The chemicals are available in several grades depending on their intended use. The test methods listed in 1.2 provide procedures for analyzing caustic soda and caustic potash to determine if they are suitable for their intended use.1.1 These test methods cover only the analyses usually required on the following commercial products:1.1.1 Caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), 50 and 73 % liquors; anhydrous (solid, flake, ground, or powdered), and1.1.2 Caustic potash (potassium hydroxide), 45 % liquor; anhydrous (solid, flake, ground, or powdered).1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:Alkalinity (Total), Titrimetric (for 50 to 100 % NaOH and 45 to 100 % KOH) 3 to 4Carbonate, Gas-Volumetric (0.001 g CO2, min) 4 to 7Carbonate, Gravimetric (0.001 g CO2, min) 7 to 10Chloride, Titrimetric, (0.001 g Cl−, min) 10 to 11Chloride, Potentiometric Titration (0.3 to 1.2 %) 11 to 12Chloride, Ion Selective Electrode (0.6 to 120 μg/g) 12 to 13Iron, Photometric (0.005 mg Fe, min) 13 to 15Sulfate, Gravimetric, (0.002 g SO3, min) 15 to 16Keywords 161.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard with the exception of inch-pound units for apparatus descriptions.1.4 In determining the conformance of the test results using this method to applicable specifications, results shall be rounded off in accordance with the rounding-off method of Practice E29.1.5 Review the current Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for detailed information concerning toxicity, first-aid procedures, handling, and safety precautions.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazard statements are given in Section 6.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These test methods provide a means of measuring the total compressive deflection of chemical-resistant, machinery-grout materials under a sustained load at the test temperature. Test stress and temperature can be selected to simulate anticipated use conditions. For the purposes of these tests, creep is considered to be the compressive deflection in cm per cm [inches per inch], which occurs after the initial loading of the specimen at laboratory temperature. The results do not necessarily correlate for different specimen thicknesses. No correlation has been established to actual-use conditions.1.1 These test methods cover a quantitative, comparative test for compressive creep of chemical-resistant grouting materials under a sustained load at a test temperature. Constant load is maintained using a bolt and spring washers. Measurements are made at laboratory temperature after exposure periods at the selected test temperature.1.2 Test Method A outlines the molding techniques for an unbonded test specimen. Test Method B covers the molding techniques for a bonded test specimen.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 These test methods provide a reliable means for predicting the inhibiting or corrosive properties of admixtures to be used in concrete.3.2 The total integrated (coulombs) current is calculated to provide an indication of the corrosion that occurs due to the macrocell corrosion.3.3 These test methods are useful for development studies of corrosion inhibitors to be used in concrete.3.4 These test methods have been used elsewhere with good agreement between corrosion as measured by these test methods and corrosion damage on the embedded steel (1-4).4 These test methods might not properly rank the performance of different corrosion inhibitors, especially at concrete covers over the steel less than 40 mm (1.5 in.) or water-to-cement ratios above 0.45. The concrete mixture proportions and cover over the steel are chosen to accelerate chloride ingress. Some inhibitors might have an effect on this process, which could lead to results that would differ from what would be expected in actual use (5).1.1 These test methods cover a procedure for determining the effects of chemical admixtures on the corrosion of metals in concrete. These test methods can be used to evaluate materials intended to inhibit chloride-induced corrosion of steel in concrete. It can also be used to evaluate the corrosivity of admixtures in a chloride environment.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 Low quality wood and wood residues are used for wood charcoal. This test method is used for evaluating the charcoal to assess the methods of production and assist in developing new methods.1.1 This test method covers the determination of moisture, volatile matter, and ash in charcoal made from wood. The test method is applicable to lumps and briquets and is designed for the evaluation of charcoal quality. The test method employs apparatus that is found in most laboratories and is adapted to routine analyses of a large number of samples.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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AbstractThese test methods cover the chemical analysis of clays used in the manufacture of ceramic whitewares. Determine moisture on the sample in its ordinary air-dried condition. Determine all other percentage compositions on moisture-free samples and report accordingly on a moisture-free basis. Make blank determinations on the reagents for each constituent in the whiteware clay and deduct this blank in each case. The sample shall be heated to a constant weight at a given temperature; the loss in weight is recorded as moisture. For the determination of the silica blank, approximately 0.25 g of alumina should be added as aluminium chloride. The procedure for the determination of iron, aluminium, and titanium oxide blank are presented in details. The procedure for the determination of iron oxide, titania, alumina, lime, magnesia, and alkalies blank are discussed and presented in details.1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of clays used in the manufacture of ceramic whitewares.1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  Section Moisture   7 Loss on Ignition   8 Silica   9 Iron, Aluminum, and Titanium Oxides  10 Iron Oxide  11 Titania  12 Alumina  13 Lime  14 Magnesia  15 Alkalies  16NOTE 1: These test methods have been compiled as standard procedures for use in referee analyses. These test methods, however, when the determination of iron oxide as Fe2O3 is involved, are not intended to preclude the use of other procedures that give results within the permissible variations. For the sake of uniformity the classical Zimmerman-Reinhardt procedure is specified for the determination of iron oxide. It is recognized that numerous other procedures are equally accurate and often more convenient. The other procedures commonly in use include reduction of an oxidized solution with zinc or other metal, and titration with standard potassium permanganate (KMnO4) or potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) solution, as well as titration with a standard solution of titanous chloride in an oxidized solution. These procedures shall be considered acceptable, provided the analyst has obtained results by his special procedure that check with the Zimmerman-Reinhardt procedure within the limits specified in Section 17. It is suggested that National Institute of Standards and Technology standard samples be used for checking the accuracy of procedures.It will be understood that the making of a complete analysis of a ceramic whiteware clay is a difficult procedure requiring a wide knowledge of the chemistry involved in the operations and a thorough training in carrying out the work. A skilled analyst of good training is therefore required to do the work. The descriptions here given cover the vital points of procedure, but frequent reference in regard to the details of the various manipulations should be made to “Applied Inorganic Analysis” by Hillebrand and Lundell2 and to similar publications. Particularly in the determination of alumina, reference should be made to Scientific Paper No. 286 of the National Bureau of Standards.31.3 The values stated in acceptable metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

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AbstractThese test methods detail the standard procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents. The analytical procedures include the determination of the following chemical properties and substances: moisture and other matter volatile at a specified temperature; free alkali or free acid; anhydrous, salt-free soda soap; alcohol-soluble matter; matter insoluble in water; total alkalinity of matter insoluble in alcohol (alkaline salts); sodium silicate; phosphates; phosphates by colorimetric method using molybdenum blue); unsaponified and unsaponifiable matter; free fatty matter; chlorides in alcohol-soluble matter; rosin by McNicoll method; synthetic detergent by difference; and neutral inorganic salts.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of soaps containing synthetic detergents.1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:  Sections   Moisture and Other Matter Volatile at 105°C (Oven Method)  5 and 6Free Alkali or Free Acid  7 and 8Anhydrous, Salt-Free, Soda Soap  9 – 12Alcohol-Soluble Matter 13 and 14Matter Insoluble in Water 15 and 15Total Alkalinity of Matter Insoluble in Alcohol (Alkaline Salts) 16 and 17Sodium Silicate 18 – 20Phosphates 21 – 28Phosphate (Colorimetric Method Using Molybdenum Blue) 29 – 34Unsaponified and Unsaponifiable Matter 35 – 39Free Fatty Matter 40Chlorides in Alcohol-Soluble Matter 41 – 43Rosin (McNicoll Method) 44 – 47Synthetic Detergent (by Difference) 48Neutral, Inorganic Salts 491.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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3.1 The lining test described in 6.2 may be used to evaluate the chemical resistance characteristics of coating systems for lining surfaces of tanks, vessels and similar facilities used in Coating Service Level I and II applications in a nuclear power plant. For the evaluation of linings in Coating Service Level III water immersion applications in nuclear power plants use the test methods and guidance found in Guide D7230.3.2 The specific chemical resistance tests described in 6.1 are dependent upon the relative severity of the service conditions. The specific chemical reagents to be used shall be specified to reflect the intended service conditions.3.3 At the discretion of the user, the methods presented may also be used to evaluate coatings and linings for applications in other types of power plants or other industrial services.1.1 This test method establishes procedures for the evaluation of the chemical resistance of coatings and linings for use in Coating Service Level I and II applications in nuclear power plants.1.2 This test method is intended to be used as a screening test to evaluate coatings and linings on steel and concrete substrates.1.3 This test method addresses two exposure intervals:(1) Short Term (Typically 5 days): Such exposures are primarily applicable for coatings exposed to chemical splash or spill.(2) Long Term (Typically 180 days): Such exposures are primarily applicable for linings exposed to continuous or near-continuous chemical immersion.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 These practices for the sampling of ferroalloys and steel additives are intended for use with test methods used to demonstrate compliance with composition specifications. It is assumed that all who use these methods will be trained samplers capable of performing common sampling procedures skillfully and safely.1.1 These practices include procedures for the sampling of the various ferroalloys and steel additives, either before or after shipment from the plants of the manufacturers. They are designed to give results representative of each lot that will be comparable with the manufacturer's guaranteed analysis for the same lot. For check analysis, the purchaser may use any sampling procedure desired, but the analytical results obtained on such samples shall not be a basis for compliance or rejection, unless the procedure followed is of an accuracy equivalent to that prescribed in these methods.1.2 In sampling ferroalloys and steel additives, serious errors often occur from contamination of the samples by iron from the sampling appliances. Therefore, special precautions should be observed to avoid this source of error. Metallic iron may be removed with a magnet from nonmagnetic alloys; its estimation in other alloys requires special analytical procedures (Annex A1). To avoid this error, parts of crushers and pulverizing equipment contacting the samples shall be of steel or other material showing a high resistance to abrasion of the type involved.1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This specification establishes the baseline performance requirements and additional optional capabilities for stationary point chemical vapor detectors (SPCVD) intended for continuous monitoring of public, non-industrial facilities 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It provides SPCVD designers, manufacturers, integrators, procurement personnel, end users/practitioners, and responsible authorities a common set of parameters to match capabilities and user needs. The document specifies chemical detection performance requirements, system requirements, environmental requirements, manuals and documentation, and product marking.1.1 General:1.1.1 This specification presents baseline performance requirements and additional optional capabilities for stationary point chemical vapor detectors (SPCVD) designed for continuous, 24 h a day 7 days a week, monitoring of public, non-industrial facilities. This specification is one of several that describe chemical vapor detectors (for example, handheld and stationary) and chemical detection capabilities including: chemical vapor hazard detection, identification, classification, and quantification. An SPCVD is capable of detecting and alarming when exposed to chemical vapors that pose a risk as defined by the Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals (AEGL). For example, chemical vapors of interest for homeland security applications, see Appendix X1. The SPCVD should not alarm to background chemical vapors and should provide low false positive alarm rates and no false negatives. Procurement agents and end users must identify the specific chemicals of interest and environmental requirements for the given facility.1.1.1.1 An SPCVD samples air from immediate surroundings and is comprised of one or more detectors using one or more chemical detection technologies. An SPCVD also includes air sampling system(s), power system(s), computer(s), data storage, data network communication interface(s), and an enclosure, see Fig. 1. An SPCVD may be combined with other SPCVDs, other chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosive (CBRNE) detectors, and other monitoring devices such as video. A remote command center may monitor and control these devices and communicate information to the responsible authorities and responders, as depicted in Fig. 2.FIG. 1 An Example Schematic of a Stationary Point Chemical Vapor Detector (SPCVD)The SPCVD is a unit which samples air from immediate surroundings and is comprised of one or more detectors using one or more chemical detection technologies. An SPCVD also includes air sampling system(s), power system(s), computer(s), data storage, data network communication interface(s), and an enclosure.FIG. 2 A Conceptual Representation of a Facility Security System with Stationary Point Chemical Vapor Detectors (SPCVDs) integrated with other Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosive (CBRNE) Detectors, and Other Monitoring Devices such as Video1.1.2 This specification provides the SPCVD baseline requirements, including performance, system, environmental, and documentation requirements. This specification provides SPCVD designers, manufacturers, integrators, procurement personnel, end users/practitioners, and responsible authorities a common set of parameters to match capabilities and user needs.1.1.3 This specification is not meant to provide for all uses. Manufacturers, purchasers, and end users will need to determine specific requirements based on the installation location and environment.1.2 SPCVD Chemical Detection Capabilities—Manufacturers document and verify, through testing, the chemical detection capabilities of the SPCVD. Test methods for assessing chemical detection capabilities are available from the Department of Homeland Security and the Department of Defense and are listed in Appendix X2.1.3 SPCVD System and Environmental Properties—Manufacturers document and verify, through testing, the system and environmental properties of the SPCVD. Example test methods for assessing the system and environmental properties are listed in Appendix X3.1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Vapor concentrations of the hazardous materials are presented in parts per million (ppm) as used in Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals, Vols 1-9 (see 2.2) and in mg/m3.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory.1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the chemical analysis of copper-tellurium alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:Copper, % 98 and over Tellurium, %0.04 to 0.6Includes silver.1.2 The analytical procedures appear in the following order:SectionsCopper by the Electrolytic Method8 to 12Tellurium by the Dichromate (Volumetric) Method13 to 17

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5.1 This practice is designed to determine the general effects of chemical reagents on the strength of the bonded system. It cannot distinguish between adsorption in the bulk adhesive or penetration at the adhesive/substrate interface.1.1 This practice provides a uniform procedure for the exposure of adhesively bonded substrates to selected environments. This practice also provides for a qualitative measure of the adhesive bond strength using existing standard methods after exposure.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warnings, see Section 8.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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AbstractThese test methods cover the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the composition of natural and synthetic crude rubbers. These methods are divided into general and specific test methods. General test methods shall be performed to determine the amount and type of some or all of the major constituents of a rubber product, and shall include determination of rubber polymer content by the indirect method, determination of density, and extract, sulfur, fillers, and ash analyses. Specific test methods, on the other hand, shall be performed to determine specific rubber polymers present in a rubber product such as crude, unvulcanized, reclaimed, and vulcanized rubbers.1.1 These test methods cover the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the composition of rubber products of the “R” family (see 3.1). Many of these test methods may be applied to the analysis of natural and synthetic crude rubbers.1.1.1 Part A consists of general test methods for use in the determination of some or all of the major constituents of a rubber product.1.1.2 Part B covers the determination of specific polymers present in a rubber product.1.1.3 The test methods appear in the following order:Part A. General Test Methods: SectionsRubber Polymer Content by the Indirect Method 11 – 13Determinations and Report for the General Method 14 and 15Density 16Extract Analysis 17 – 26Sulfur Analysis 27.1 – 33Fillers Analysis 34 – 40Ash Analysis 41 – 51Part B. Determination of Rubber Polymers 52 – 581.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary or warning statements are given in 31.4.5, 31.6, 37.4.2, 38.4.2, 45.1.3, 53.2.3.5, 54.4.2, 54.6, 56.5.3, and 57.7.3; and X1.3.3 and X2.4.1.6.1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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4.1 The inclusion of the following paragraph, or a suitable equivalent, in any standard (preferably after the section on ) is due notification that the apparatus and reagents required in that standard are subject to the recommendations set forth in these practices.  “Apparatus and Reagents—Apparatus and reagents required for each determination are listed in separate sections preceding the procedure. Apparatus, standard solutions, and certain other reagents shall conform to the requirements prescribed in ASTM Practices E50, for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials.”  TABLE 1 Chemical Reagents Specified in ASTM Methods for Chemical Analysis of MetalsName Formula* Acetic acid CH3COOHAcetone CH3COCH3Acetylacetone (2,4-pentanedione) CH3COCH2COCH3Alizarin-Red-S C6H4COC6H-1,2-(OH)2-3-SO3NaCOAluminon (aurintricarboxylic acid-ammonium salt) (4-HOC6H3-3-COONH4)2C:C6H-3-(COONH4):OAluminum metal (99.9 % min) Al* Aluminum metal (sheet or rolled foil) AlAluminum ammonium sulfate Al2(NH4)2(SO4)4·24H2OAluminum nitrate Al(NO3)3·9H2OAluminum sulfate Al2(SO4)3·18H2OAluminum oxide, fused (Alundum)  1-Amino-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid NH2C10H5(OH)SO3HAmmonium acetate CH3COONH4Ammonium benzoate C6H5COONH4Ammonium bifluoride NH4FHFAmmonium bisulfate NH4HSO4Ammonium bisulfite NH4HSO3Ammonium carbonate (NH4)2CO3* Ammonium chloride NH4Cl* Ammonium citrate CH2(COONH4)C(OH)(COOH)CH2COONH4Ammonium fluoride NH4F* Ammonium hydroxideA NH4OHAmmonium iodide NH4IAmmonium molybdate (NH4)2MoO4* Ammonium heptamolybdate tetrahydrate (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2OAmmonium nitrate NH4NO3* Ammonium oxalate NH4OCOCOONH4·H2O* Ammonium phosphate, dibasic (diammonium acid phosphate) (NH4)2HPO4* Ammonium persulfate (ammonium peroxydisulfate) (NH4)2S2O8* Ammonium sulfate (NH4)2SO4* Ammonium tartrate NH4OCO(CHOH)2COONH4Ammonium thiocyanate NH4SCNAmmonium vanadate NH4VO3Antimony metal (powder) SbAntimony trichloride SbCl3* Arsenic trioxide As2O3Asbestos (for use with Gooch crucible)     Barium Chloride BaCl2·2H2OBarium diphenylamine sulfonate (C6H5NHC6H4-4-SO3)2Ba* Benzoic acid C6H5COOHα-Benzoin oxime (benzoin anti-oxime) C6H5CHOHC:NOHC6H5Beryllium sulfate BeSO4·4H2OBismuth metal (99.9 % min) BiBoric acid H3BO3Bromocresol green (3′,3",5′,5"-tetrabromo-m-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H-3,5-Br2-2-CH3-4-OH)2Bromocresol purple (5′,5"-Dibromo-o-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H2-3-CH3-5-Br-4-OH)2Bromine (liquid) Br2Bromophenol blue (3′,3",5′,5"-tetrabromophenolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H2-3,5-Br2-4-OH)21-Butanol CH3CH2CH2CH2OHButyl acetate (normal) CH3COOCH2CH2CH2CH3   * Cadmium chloride CdCl2·21/2 H2OCadmium chloride, anhydrous CdCl2* † Calcium carbonate (low-boron) CaCO3Carbon dioxide (gas) CO2Carbon dioxide (solid) CO2Carbon tetrachloride CCl4Carminic acid 1,3,4-(HO)3-2-C6H11O6C6COC6H-5-COOH-6-OH-8-CH3CO* Chloroform CHCl3Cinchonine C19H22N2OCitric acid HOC(COOH)(CH2COOH)2Cobalt metal CoCobalt sulfate CoSO4Coke  Congo red test paper  Copper metal (99.9 % min) Cu* Copper metal (powder or turnings) CuCopper metal (P-free) CuCopper metal (Mn, Ni, and Co-free, less than 0.001 % of each) CuCopper-rare earth oxide mixture  m-Cresol purple (m-cresolsulfonephthalein) C6H4SO2OC(C6H3-2-CH3-4-OH)2Cupferron C6H5N(NO)ONH4Cupric chloride CuCl2·2H2O* Cupric nitrate Cu(NO3)2·3H2O* Cupric oxide (powder) CuOCupric potassium chloride CuCl2·2KCl·2H2O* Cupric sulfate CuSO4·5H2OCurcumin (2-CH3OC6H3-1-OH-4-CH:CHCO)2CH2   Devarda's alloy 50Cu-45Al-5ZnDiethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid ([[(carboxymethyl)imino]bis(ethylenenenitrilo)] tetraacetic acid) ((HOCOCH2)2NCH2CH2)2NCH2COOH* Dimethylglyoxime CH3C:NOHC:NOHCH3N,N′ Diphenylbenzidine C6H5NHC6H4C6H4NHC6H5Diphenylcarbazide (1,5-diphenylcarbohydrazide) C6H5NHNHCONHNHC6H5* Disodium (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetate dihydrate See (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium saltDithiol (toluene-3,4-dithiol) CH3C6H3(SH)2Dithizone (diphenylthiocarbazone) C6H5NHNHCSN:NC6H5   Eriochrome black-T (1(1-hydroxy-2-naphthylazo)-6-nitro-2-naphthol-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt) 1-HOC10H6-2-N:N-1-C10H4-2-OH-4-SO3Na-6-NO2* EDTA (Disodium salt) See (ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium salt* Ethanol C2H5OH* Ethyl ether (diethyl ether) C2H5OC2H5* (Ethylenedinitrilo) tetraacetic acid disodium salt HOCOCH2(NaOCOCH2)NCH2N(CH2COONa)CH2COOH·2H2OEthylene glycol monomethyl ether (2-methoxy-ethanol) CH3OCH2CH2OH   * Ferric chloride FeCl3·6H2O* Ferric nitrate Fe(NO3)3·9H2OFerric sulfate Fe2(SO4)3·nH2O* Ferrous ammonium sulfate Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2·6H2O* Ferrous sulfate FeSO4·7H2OFluoroboric acid HBF4Fluorescein, sodium salt 2NaOCOC6H4C:C6H3-3(:O)OC6H3-6-ONaFormaldehyde HCHO* Formic acidA HCOOH   Gelatin  Graphite CGlass wool  Glycerol CH2OHCHOHCH2OH   Hydrazine sulfate NH2NH2·H2SO4* Hydrobromic acidA HBr* Hydrochloric acidA HCl* Hydrofluoric acidA HFHydrogen chloride gas HCl* Hydrogen peroxide H2O2Hydrogen sulfide gas H2SHydroquinone 1,4-(OH)2C6H4* Hydroxylamine hydrochloride NH2OH·HCl* Hypophosphorous acidB H3PO2   Invert sugar  * Iodine I2Iron metal or wire (99.8 % min) FeIsopropyl ether (CH3)2CHOCH(CH3)2   Lead metal Pb* Lead acetate Pb(CH3COO)2Lead chloride PbCl2* Lead nitrate Pb(NO3)2Litmus  Lithium fluoride LiF   Magnesium metal (Sn-free) MgMagnesium perchlorate, anhydrous Mg(ClO4)2* Magnesium sulfate MgSO4·7H2OManganese metal (99.8 % min) MnManganous nitrate Mn(NO3)2Manganous sulfate MnSO4·H2OMannitol CH2OH(CHOH)4CH2OHMarble chips  * Mercuric chloride HgCl2* Mercury Hg* Methanol CH3OHMethyl isobutyl ketone (4-methyl-2-pentanone) CH3COCH2CH(CH3)2* Methyl orange (p[[p-dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt) 4-NaOSO2C6H4N:NC6H4-4-N(CH3)2Methyl purple formula unknown, patented* Methyl red (o -[[(p-dimethylamino)phenyl]azo]benzoic acid) 4-(CH3)2NC6H4N:NC6H4-2-COOHMolybdenum metal (99.8 % min) MoMolybdic acid, anhydride (molybdenum trioxide) MoO3Molybdic acid (ammonium paramolybdate) Assay: as MoO3—85 %Morin, anhydrous (2′,3,4′,7-penta hydroxyflavone) 5,7-(HO)2C6H2 OC(C6H3-2,4-(OH)2):C(OH)CO   β-Naphthoquinoline (5,6-benzoquinoline) C10H6CH:CHCH:NNeocuproine (2,9-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) (CH3)2C12H6N2·12H2ONickel metal (99.8 % min) NiNickel metal (sheet) NiNickelous nitrate Ni(NO3)2·6H2ONickelous sulfate NiSO4·6H2O* Nitric acidA HNO3Nitrogen gas (oxygen-free) N2Nitrogen, liquid N2m-Nitrophenol NO2C6H4OH1-Nitroso-2-naphthol(α-nitroso-β-naphthol) NOC10H6OHNitroso-R-salt (1-nitroso-2-naphthol-3,6-disulfonic acid disodium salt) 1-NOC10H4-2-(OH)-3,6-(SO3Na)2   Osmium tetraoxide OsO4Oxalic acid (COOH)2Oxygen gas O2   * Perchloric acidA HClO41,10-Phenanthroline (o -phenanthroline) CH:CHCH:NC:CCH:CHC:CN:CHCH:CH·H2O* Phenolphthalein C6H4COOC(C6H4-4-OH)2* Phosphoric acid H3PO4Piperidine NH(CH2)4CH2Platinized quartz  Platinized silica gel  Platinum gauze Pt* Potassium biphthalate 1-KOCOC6H4-2-COOHPotassium bisulfate KHSO4* Potassium bromate KBrO3* Potassium bromide KBr* Potassium chlorate KClO3* Potassium chloride KCl* Potassium chromate K2CrO4Potassium columbate 4K2O·3Cb2O5·16H2O* Potassium cyanide KCN* Potassium dichromate K2Cr2O7* Potassium ferricyanide K3Fe(CN)6Potassium ferrocyanide K4Fe(CN)6·3H2O* Potassium fluoride KF·2H2O* Potassium hydroxide KOH* Potassium iodate KIO3* Potassium iodide KIPotassium iodide starch paper  * Potassium nitrate KNO3* Potassium m-periodate KIO4* Potassium permanganate KMnO4Potassium persulfate K2S2O8Potassium phosphate, monobasic KH2PO4* Potassium pyrosulfate K2S2O7* Potassium sulfate K2SO4Potassium tantalum fluoride K2TaFPotassium thiocarbonate K2CS3* Potassium thiocyanate KSCNPyrogallic acid (pyrogallol) C6H3-1,3-(OH)3   Quinine sulfate (C20H24N2O2)2·H2SO4·2H2O8-Quinolinol (8-hydroxyquinoline) HOC6H3N:CHCH:CH   Sebacic acid HOCO(CH2)8COOHSelenium (powder) SeSilicon dioxide (silica) SiO2* Silver nitrate AgNO3Soda-lime  Soda-mica mineral (CO2 absorbent)  Sodium acetate CH3COONaSodium arsenite NaAsO2Sodium azide NaN3* Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3* Sodium bismuthate NaBiO3Sodium bisulfate see sodium hydrogen sulfate* Sodium bisulfate, fused see sodium hydrogen sulfate, fusedSodium bisulfite NaHSO3* Sodium borate Na2B4O7·10H2O* Sodium carbonate, anhydrous Na2CO3Sodium chlorate NaClO3Sodium chloride NaClSodium citrate HOC(COONa)(CH2COONa)2·2H2OSodium cyanide NaCNSodium diethyldithiocarbamate (C2H5)2NCSSNa·3H2OSodium dimethylglyoximate CH3C(:NONa)C(:NONa)CH3·8H2OSodium diphenylamine sulfonate C6H5NHC6H4-4-SO3NaSodium dithionite (hydrosulfite) Na2S2O4* Sodium fluoride NaFSodium hydrogen sulfate NaHSO4Sodium hydrogen sulfate, fused A mixture of Na2S2O7 and NaHSO4* Sodium hydroxide NaOHSodium hypophosphite NaH2PO2·H2OSodium molybdate Na2MoO4·2H2OSodium nitrate NaNO3Sodium nitrite NaNO2Sodium oxalate NaOCOCOONaSodium perchlorate NaClO4Sodium peroxide Na2O2Sodium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous Na2HPO4Sodium pyrophosphate Na4P2O7·10H2OSodium pyrosulfate Na2S2O7Sodium sulfate, anhydrous Na2SO4Sodium sulfide Na2S·9H2OSodium sulfite Na2SO3·7H2OSodium sulfite, anhydrous Na2SO3Sodium thiocyanate NaSCN* Sodium thiosulfate Na2S2O3·5H2O* Sodium tungstate Na2WO4·2H2O* Stannous chloride SnCl2·2H2O* Starch (C6H10O5)xSuccinic acid HOCOCH2CH2COOHSulfamic acid NH2SO3HSulfatoceric acid (ceric sulfate) H4Ce(SO4)45-Sulfosalicylic acid 2-HOC6H3-1-COOH-5-SO3H·2H2OSulfur dioxide gas SO2* Sulfuric acidA H2SO4* Sulfurous acidA H2SO3   Talc  * Tartaric acid HOCO(CHOH)2COOHTest lead PbTetrapropylammonium hydroxide (CH3CH2CH2)4NOHThioglycollic acid (mercaptoacetic acid) CH2SHCOOHThiourea NH2CSNH2Tin metal (99.9 %min) SnTitanium dioxide TiO2Titanium metal (low Sn) TiTriethanolamine (2,2′,2"-nitrilotriethanol) (CH2OHCH2)3N   Uranium oxide U3O8* Uranyl nitrate UO2(NO3)2·6H2OUrea NH2CONH2   Zinc (99.9 % min) ZnZinc metal (S-free) ZnZinc oxide ZnOZinc sulfate ZnSO4·7H2OZirconium oxide ZrO2Zirconium metal ZrZirconyl chloride ZrOCl2·8H2O(A) * Reagent on which ACS specifications exist.† ACS specification exists but does not cover all requirements.For concentration of laboratory reagent, see Table 2.(B) Contains at least 50 % H3PO2.4.2 It is assumed that the users of these practices will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly-equipped laboratory.1.1 These practices cover laboratory apparatus and reagents that are required for the chemical analysis of metals, ores and related materials by standard methods of ASTM. Detailed descriptions of recommended apparatus and detailed instructions for the preparation of standard solutions and certain nonstandardized reagents will be found listed or specified in the individual methods of analysis. Included here are general recommendations on the purity of reagents and protective measures for the use of hazardous reagents.1.2 These recommendations are intended to apply to the ASTM methods of chemical analysis of metals when definite reference is made to these practices, as covered in Section 4.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards are given in Section 8.NOTE 1: The use of the verb “shall” (with its obligatory third person meaning) in this standard has been confined to those aspects of laboratory safety where regulatory requirements are known to exist. Such regulations, however, are beyond the scope of these practices.1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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This guide describes quality assurance protocols for the determination of the anions and cations in atmospheric wet deposition which include the minimum recommended requirements for the preparation of calibration standards and suggested procedures for validating laboratory measurement results. Specimens to be used in all tests shall consist of reagent grade chemicals, water, and standard solutions. Common techniques for chemical analysis include automated colorimetry; ion chromatography, flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry, electrometry, and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. Analytical precision and bias determinations shall be done for evaluation of the reference materials. Samples for reanalysis may be selected from the evaluation of control charts and the calculation of ion and conductivity percent differences.1.1 This guide describes quality assurance (QA) protocols for the determination of the anions and cations in Atmospheric Wet Deposition (AWD) shown in Table 1.1.2 Included in this guide are minimum recommended requirements for the preparation of calibration standards and suggested procedures for validating laboratory measurement results.1.3 This guide describes minimum requirements for the frequency of analysis of quality assurance samples and recommends procedures for the evaluation of quality assurance data.1.4 The guide's recommendations are based upon expected anion and cation concentrations in AWD (1)2 and Appendix X1.1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

定价： 590元 / 折扣价： 502 元 加购物车